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<p>Given the importance of forests for biodiversity and local livelihoods, governmental, and non-governmental agencies invest funds in conservation projects to engage local communities in biodiversity stewardship. Taking a case study of Barandabhar Corridor Forest including a section of Chitwan National Park in Nepal’s Chitwan –Annapurna Landscape and Tarai Arc landscape of Nepal—a UNESCO World Heritage site and home to many endangered flora and fauna—this study aims to examine the biodiversity conservation practices undertaken by both project-supported and not-supported forest households within the Buffer zone forests (BF) and Community forests (CF). A total of 1195 households comprising 392 supported and 803 not-supported households were surveyed to compare their livelihood and forest-product use patterns before (2010) and after support (2019). The results show that per household collection of timber (54–37 Cft), fuelwood (5450–2255&#xa0;kg), fodder (11,157–5546&#xa0;kg) and forage (5562–1914&#xa0;kg) in BF declined by 31.1–65.5% over nearly a decade, indicating a significant reduction in extraction pressure. Resource (timber, fodder and fuelwood) collection was highest in 2010 and among the not-supported households, suggesting that BF management combined with livelihood support has a synergistic role in promoting biodiversity and sustainable resource use. The observed success of BF management is associated to regulated collection practices and the redistribution of conservation incentives that support local livelihoods while conserving biodiversity. Our findings underscore the value of integrating livelihood strategies into participatory conservation planning, offering useful lessons for designing inclusive, community-based models in ecologically sensitive areas—not only in Nepal but also across UNESCO World Heritage sites and biodiversity-rich landscapes in developing countries.</p>

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Incentive-Based Co-management of Forest Conservation and Livelihood Resilience: Evidence from Barandabhar Corridor Forest, Chitwan, Nepal

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

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  • Jagadish C. Kuikel,
  • Kanchan Thapa,
  • Prashant Paudel,
  • Ram P. Acharya,
  • Ripu M. Kunwar,
  • Tek Maraseni

摘要

Given the importance of forests for biodiversity and local livelihoods, governmental, and non-governmental agencies invest funds in conservation projects to engage local communities in biodiversity stewardship. Taking a case study of Barandabhar Corridor Forest including a section of Chitwan National Park in Nepal’s Chitwan –Annapurna Landscape and Tarai Arc landscape of Nepal—a UNESCO World Heritage site and home to many endangered flora and fauna—this study aims to examine the biodiversity conservation practices undertaken by both project-supported and not-supported forest households within the Buffer zone forests (BF) and Community forests (CF). A total of 1195 households comprising 392 supported and 803 not-supported households were surveyed to compare their livelihood and forest-product use patterns before (2010) and after support (2019). The results show that per household collection of timber (54–37 Cft), fuelwood (5450–2255 kg), fodder (11,157–5546 kg) and forage (5562–1914 kg) in BF declined by 31.1–65.5% over nearly a decade, indicating a significant reduction in extraction pressure. Resource (timber, fodder and fuelwood) collection was highest in 2010 and among the not-supported households, suggesting that BF management combined with livelihood support has a synergistic role in promoting biodiversity and sustainable resource use. The observed success of BF management is associated to regulated collection practices and the redistribution of conservation incentives that support local livelihoods while conserving biodiversity. Our findings underscore the value of integrating livelihood strategies into participatory conservation planning, offering useful lessons for designing inclusive, community-based models in ecologically sensitive areas—not only in Nepal but also across UNESCO World Heritage sites and biodiversity-rich landscapes in developing countries.