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<p>The thermal-hydraulic performance of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) nanofluids was investigated in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger (STHE) to overcome the low thermal conductivity limitations of conventional fluids. An integrated experimental-computational methodology involving nanofluid synthesis, thermophysical characterization, computational simulation, and thermal-hydraulic evaluation was adopted. Nanofluids with concentrations of 0.01%, 0.03%, and 0.05% were prepared using a gum arabic-assisted dispersion method. Stability analysis showed initial zeta potentials of 40&#xa0;mV for BNNT and 27&#xa0;mV for MoS<sub>2</sub> samples, with minor reductions after 7 days. Experimental results demonstrated significant enhancement in heat transfer performance. The maximum Nusselt number for B3 and M3 reached 330, compared with 150 for water at Reynolds numbers around 4000. Heat transfer rates increased from 400–1400 W to 1700–4000 W as flow velocity increased, while M3 reached a peak of 4800 W. BNNT and MoS<sub>2</sub> nanofluids enhanced thermal conductivity by 60% and 40%, respectively. The overall heat transfer coefficient increased to 950&#xa0;W/m<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;K compared with 840&#xa0;W/m<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;K for water, while pressure-drop ratios remained within acceptable limits. The study highlights the superior thermal stability and efficiency of BNNT and MoS<sub>2</sub> nanofluids for industrial heat exchange applications.</p>

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Boron Nitride Nanotube and Molybdenum Disulfide-Based Nanofluids for Enhanced Heat Transfer in Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Mohammed Asif Kattimani,
  • M. B. Niyaz Ahamed,
  • P. R. Venkatesh,
  • G. S. Girishkumar,
  • S. Ravikumar,
  • Habib Masum

摘要

The thermal-hydraulic performance of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanofluids was investigated in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger (STHE) to overcome the low thermal conductivity limitations of conventional fluids. An integrated experimental-computational methodology involving nanofluid synthesis, thermophysical characterization, computational simulation, and thermal-hydraulic evaluation was adopted. Nanofluids with concentrations of 0.01%, 0.03%, and 0.05% were prepared using a gum arabic-assisted dispersion method. Stability analysis showed initial zeta potentials of 40 mV for BNNT and 27 mV for MoS2 samples, with minor reductions after 7 days. Experimental results demonstrated significant enhancement in heat transfer performance. The maximum Nusselt number for B3 and M3 reached 330, compared with 150 for water at Reynolds numbers around 4000. Heat transfer rates increased from 400–1400 W to 1700–4000 W as flow velocity increased, while M3 reached a peak of 4800 W. BNNT and MoS2 nanofluids enhanced thermal conductivity by 60% and 40%, respectively. The overall heat transfer coefficient increased to 950 W/m2 K compared with 840 W/m2 K for water, while pressure-drop ratios remained within acceptable limits. The study highlights the superior thermal stability and efficiency of BNNT and MoS2 nanofluids for industrial heat exchange applications.