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<p>The sulfate process remains the dominant route for titanium dioxide production in China due to its wide adaptability to raw materials, low equipment investment, and good particle size control. However, this process generates a large volume of highly concentrated, compositionally complex titanium white waste acid (TDWA), which poses significant corrosivity and environmental risks. This paper systematically reviews the sources, characteristics, and main treatment technologies for TDWA, with an emphasis on recent advances in acid recovery and methods for separating valuable metals. By comparing the technical features and applicability of various approaches, the advantages and limitations of current resource recovery routes are evaluated. Furthermore, considering the national “dual-carbon” goals and “Zero-Waste City” initiatives, the future development trends and key scientific challenges of green recycling are discussed, providing theoretical and technical guidance for establishing an efficient, low-carbon, and sustainable resource recovery system for TDWA.</p>

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Resource Recovery and Valorization of Titanium Dioxide Waste Acid: Sulfuric Acid Regeneration and Separation of Valuable Metals

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Liu Xiaoqi,
  • Wang Jing,
  • Xiang Luodan,
  • Lv Guozhi,
  • Liu Yan,
  • Zhang Tingan

摘要

The sulfate process remains the dominant route for titanium dioxide production in China due to its wide adaptability to raw materials, low equipment investment, and good particle size control. However, this process generates a large volume of highly concentrated, compositionally complex titanium white waste acid (TDWA), which poses significant corrosivity and environmental risks. This paper systematically reviews the sources, characteristics, and main treatment technologies for TDWA, with an emphasis on recent advances in acid recovery and methods for separating valuable metals. By comparing the technical features and applicability of various approaches, the advantages and limitations of current resource recovery routes are evaluated. Furthermore, considering the national “dual-carbon” goals and “Zero-Waste City” initiatives, the future development trends and key scientific challenges of green recycling are discussed, providing theoretical and technical guidance for establishing an efficient, low-carbon, and sustainable resource recovery system for TDWA.