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<p>Producing high-quality ductile iron from steel scrap is crucial for green manufacturing and resource recycling, with the refining of molten iron being a key step. This review systematically examines advances in the design of refining slags for the removal of sulfur and phosphorus from scrap-based ductile iron melts. We focus on the coupled effects of slag composition on sulfide/phosphate capacities, partition ratios, and viscosity. Thermodynamic prediction models based on frameworks such as IMCT, KTH, and optical basicity are critically assessed. Emerging approaches—including BaO/B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> substitution, intelligent control, and external field enhancement—are also highlighted. While significant progress has been made at the laboratory scale, challenges remain in cost reduction, model generalizability, and equipment integration for industrial application. Future efforts should prioritize developing cost-effective fluoride-free slag systems, building intelligent prediction platforms, and advancing field-enhanced purification technologies to support high-value scrap utilization and high-quality ductile iron production.</p>

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Toward High-Quality Scrap-Derived Ductile Iron: A Review on Refining Slag Design for Sulfur and Phosphorus Control

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月17日

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  • Xingyu Zheng,
  • Junkui Shi,
  • Qiang Wang,
  • Tu Hu,
  • Baocheng Zhou,
  • Guo Lin,
  • Dehao Dou,
  • Huan Tian,
  • Jianwei Song

摘要

Producing high-quality ductile iron from steel scrap is crucial for green manufacturing and resource recycling, with the refining of molten iron being a key step. This review systematically examines advances in the design of refining slags for the removal of sulfur and phosphorus from scrap-based ductile iron melts. We focus on the coupled effects of slag composition on sulfide/phosphate capacities, partition ratios, and viscosity. Thermodynamic prediction models based on frameworks such as IMCT, KTH, and optical basicity are critically assessed. Emerging approaches—including BaO/B2O3 substitution, intelligent control, and external field enhancement—are also highlighted. While significant progress has been made at the laboratory scale, challenges remain in cost reduction, model generalizability, and equipment integration for industrial application. Future efforts should prioritize developing cost-effective fluoride-free slag systems, building intelligent prediction platforms, and advancing field-enhanced purification technologies to support high-value scrap utilization and high-quality ductile iron production.