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<p>This study has developed a thermal activation-acid leaching process to extract Li and Ga from coal gangue. Sequential chemical extraction, thermodynamic calculation, and in-situ SEM were employed to track the occurrence, migration, and transformation of Li and Ga during the thermal activation process. The results showed that 93.9% of Li and 81% of Ga were silicate-bound in kaolinite. After thermal activation, leaching ratios reached 91.27% (Li) and 95.49% (Ga), as residual Li and Ga transformed into more reactive ion-exchangeable and oxide-bound forms. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the Li-containing phase gradually transformed from LiAlSi<sub>4</sub>O<sub>10</sub> to LiAlO<sub>2</sub> and Li<sub>2</sub>O as the temperature increased. Above 1700°C, a small amount of LiOH(g) is produced. Ga was relatively stable in an oxidative activation system and existed in the form of Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Above 1600°C, gallium transformed into volatile species (Ga<sub>2</sub>O, GaO, Ga), with H<sub>2</sub>S promoting Ga<sub>2</sub>S formation and a reducing atmosphere facilitating volatilization at lower temperatures.</p>

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Study on Enhanced Extraction and Recovery of Lithium and Gallium Through Thermal Activation of Coal Gangue

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • Mengmeng Shi,
  • Lei Zhang,
  • Jinhe Pan,
  • Yijie Gao,
  • Changchun Zhou

摘要

This study has developed a thermal activation-acid leaching process to extract Li and Ga from coal gangue. Sequential chemical extraction, thermodynamic calculation, and in-situ SEM were employed to track the occurrence, migration, and transformation of Li and Ga during the thermal activation process. The results showed that 93.9% of Li and 81% of Ga were silicate-bound in kaolinite. After thermal activation, leaching ratios reached 91.27% (Li) and 95.49% (Ga), as residual Li and Ga transformed into more reactive ion-exchangeable and oxide-bound forms. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the Li-containing phase gradually transformed from LiAlSi4O10 to LiAlO2 and Li2O as the temperature increased. Above 1700°C, a small amount of LiOH(g) is produced. Ga was relatively stable in an oxidative activation system and existed in the form of Ga2O3. Above 1600°C, gallium transformed into volatile species (Ga2O, GaO, Ga), with H2S promoting Ga2S formation and a reducing atmosphere facilitating volatilization at lower temperatures.