<p>Zinc oxide dust, as an important secondary zinc resource, holds significant recycling value, and the presence of sulfides in the dust limits the recovery of zinc. The results show that the initial sulfuric acid concentration has a minor effect on the dissolution of ZnS and PbS, and the increase of initial Fe³⁺ concentration can effectively promote the dissolution of sulfides in dust. The dissolution rate of PbS is higher than that of ZnS, and PbS can be rapidly converted to PbSO₄ during the initial reaction stage. The direct oxidation of ZnS by oxygen under atmospheric pressure is limited, while increasing the oxygen flow rate facilitates the oxidation of Fe²⁺ to Fe³⁺, which indirectly accelerates the dissolution of sulfides. The dissolution of PbS will form a PbSO₄ coating layer, and the morphology of the PbSO₄ coating layer is related to the number of PbS attached to the surface, the concentration of Fe³⁺ and the flow rate of oxygen. Through enhanced leaching, the zinc content in HLSD leaching residue decreased to 3.45%, and the leaching efficiency of zinc reached 96.24%.</p>