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<p>High-purity quartz sand is widely employed in high-tech industries due to its remarkable physical and chemical properties. However, natural quartz often contains various impurity elements, with iron being a significant impurity that must be removed to enhance its industrial applicability. This study systematically investigated the leaching behavior of iron using a mixed acid solution (HClO<sub>4</sub>-HCl-HF), focusing on optimizing parameters like perchloric acid concentration, temperature, leaching duration, and solid-to-liquid ratio. Notably, we introduce mixing entropy to elucidate its significant role in enhancing iron removal efficiency. Kinetic analysis based on the shrinking core model reveals that the leaching process is chemically controlled, with an activation energy of 58.03&#xa0;kJ/mol. Under optimal conditions (2.0&#xa0;M HClO<sub>4</sub>, 90°C, 180&#xa0;min, solid–liquid ratio 1:4), the iron content was reduced from 215.94 to 2.42&#xa0;ppm, achieving a remarkable leaching efficiency of 98.88%. Furthermore, increasing Δ<i>S</i><sub>mix</sub> correlates with improved impurity removal, providing a novel thermodynamic–kinetic perspective for quartz purification. This work advances acid-leaching mechanisms by introducing an entropy-driven strategy, enabling high-purity quartz production.</p>

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Iron Leaching from Vein Quartz Using Perchloric Acid: A Comprehensive Study on Dynamics and Thermodynamics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Peng Zou,
  • Zhiguo Yu,
  • Lihua Peng,
  • Yongsheng Ji,
  • Deren Yang,
  • Xuegong Yu

摘要

High-purity quartz sand is widely employed in high-tech industries due to its remarkable physical and chemical properties. However, natural quartz often contains various impurity elements, with iron being a significant impurity that must be removed to enhance its industrial applicability. This study systematically investigated the leaching behavior of iron using a mixed acid solution (HClO4-HCl-HF), focusing on optimizing parameters like perchloric acid concentration, temperature, leaching duration, and solid-to-liquid ratio. Notably, we introduce mixing entropy to elucidate its significant role in enhancing iron removal efficiency. Kinetic analysis based on the shrinking core model reveals that the leaching process is chemically controlled, with an activation energy of 58.03 kJ/mol. Under optimal conditions (2.0 M HClO4, 90°C, 180 min, solid–liquid ratio 1:4), the iron content was reduced from 215.94 to 2.42 ppm, achieving a remarkable leaching efficiency of 98.88%. Furthermore, increasing ΔSmix correlates with improved impurity removal, providing a novel thermodynamic–kinetic perspective for quartz purification. This work advances acid-leaching mechanisms by introducing an entropy-driven strategy, enabling high-purity quartz production.