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<p>This study centered on the recovery of Sb, Pb, and Au from the synergistic smelting of antimony-gold concentrate and lead concentrate. The predominance area diagram of the Pb-Sb-S-O system and phase-equilibrium distributions of key smelting reactions were calculated and visualized using FactSage. Considering the compositional features of the raw materials, the FeO-SiO<sub>2</sub>-CaO-ZnO-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-PbO slag system was selected for in-depth exploration. The impacts of the CaO/SiO<sub>2</sub> (mass ratio), Fe/SiO<sub>2</sub> (mass ratio), ZnO content, and temperature on the liquidus temperature and slag viscosity were determined. Theoretical calculations revealed that an increase in the Fe/SiO<sub>2</sub> ratio results in a rise in the slag liquidus temperature. Significantly, when the CaO/SiO<sub>2</sub> ratio reaches 0.5, the liquidus temperature attains its maximum value. Additionally, at temperatures above 1150°C, the slag viscosity remains below 0.5&#xa0;Pa&#xa0;s. Verification experiments showed that, in the alloy phase, the Pb content is 73.81%, the Sb content is 20.17%, and the Au content is 103.44&#xa0;g/t. Moreover, the combined direct recovery rate of Pb and Sb in the alloy is 45.70%, and the total grade of Pb and Sb in the alloy can reach up to 93.98%.</p>

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Thermodynamic Analysis of the Synergistic Smelting Process of Complex Antimony-Gold Concentrate and Lead Concentrate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Zhongtang Zhang,
  • Lanjin Liu,
  • Tianyu Li,
  • Qixiang Zhang,
  • Huaping Nie,
  • Ruixiang Wang,
  • Zhifeng Xu,
  • Kang Yan

摘要

This study centered on the recovery of Sb, Pb, and Au from the synergistic smelting of antimony-gold concentrate and lead concentrate. The predominance area diagram of the Pb-Sb-S-O system and phase-equilibrium distributions of key smelting reactions were calculated and visualized using FactSage. Considering the compositional features of the raw materials, the FeO-SiO2-CaO-ZnO-Fe3O4-PbO slag system was selected for in-depth exploration. The impacts of the CaO/SiO2 (mass ratio), Fe/SiO2 (mass ratio), ZnO content, and temperature on the liquidus temperature and slag viscosity were determined. Theoretical calculations revealed that an increase in the Fe/SiO2 ratio results in a rise in the slag liquidus temperature. Significantly, when the CaO/SiO2 ratio reaches 0.5, the liquidus temperature attains its maximum value. Additionally, at temperatures above 1150°C, the slag viscosity remains below 0.5 Pa s. Verification experiments showed that, in the alloy phase, the Pb content is 73.81%, the Sb content is 20.17%, and the Au content is 103.44 g/t. Moreover, the combined direct recovery rate of Pb and Sb in the alloy is 45.70%, and the total grade of Pb and Sb in the alloy can reach up to 93.98%.