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<p>This study establishes processing-microstructure-property relationships in Cu–4 wt.% Fe composites fabricated by deformation-driven metallurgy (DDM) at 600, 1000, and 1400&#xa0;rpm, focusing on the distinct role of carbon-bearing Fe particles (∼&#xa0;1 wt.% C) as metallic reinforcements in Cu. Unlike prior Cu-DDM reports centered on ceramic or carbonaceous reinforcements, we demonstrate how Fe(C) modifies grain evolution, particle dispersion, and interfacial integrity under the rapid (~&#xa0;10&#xa0;s), high-strain DDM cycle—yielding different strength-conductivity-wear trade-offs. Processing temperatures increased with speed (671, 757, 883&#xa0;°C), grain size coarsened from 6.2 ± 1.3 (600&#xa0;rpm) to 10.9 ± 1.1&#xa0;µm (1400&#xa0;rpm), and dispersion uniformity decreased (distribution coefficient 0.81 → 0.40). Hardness and UTS dropped from 153.7 ± 2.1 HV0.1 and 316.7 ± 8.9&#xa0;MPa (600&#xa0;rpm) to 121.5 ± 5.6 HV0.1 and 271.4 ± 8.5&#xa0;MPa (1400&#xa0;rpm); wear shifted from abrasive (600&#xa0;rpm) to more adhesive at higher speeds; conductivity decreased moderately from 93.7 ± 0.3 to 89.7 ± 0.4 %IACS (unreinforced Cu at 600&#xa0;rpm: 95.9 ± 0.2 %IACS).</p>

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Cu–Fe Composites Processed by Deformation-Driven Metallurgy: Correlating Structural, Mechanical, Electrical, and Tribological Properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Zahra Sakhaei,
  • Hamed Jamshidi Aval,
  • Roohollah Jamaati

摘要

This study establishes processing-microstructure-property relationships in Cu–4 wt.% Fe composites fabricated by deformation-driven metallurgy (DDM) at 600, 1000, and 1400 rpm, focusing on the distinct role of carbon-bearing Fe particles (∼ 1 wt.% C) as metallic reinforcements in Cu. Unlike prior Cu-DDM reports centered on ceramic or carbonaceous reinforcements, we demonstrate how Fe(C) modifies grain evolution, particle dispersion, and interfacial integrity under the rapid (~ 10 s), high-strain DDM cycle—yielding different strength-conductivity-wear trade-offs. Processing temperatures increased with speed (671, 757, 883 °C), grain size coarsened from 6.2 ± 1.3 (600 rpm) to 10.9 ± 1.1 µm (1400 rpm), and dispersion uniformity decreased (distribution coefficient 0.81 → 0.40). Hardness and UTS dropped from 153.7 ± 2.1 HV0.1 and 316.7 ± 8.9 MPa (600 rpm) to 121.5 ± 5.6 HV0.1 and 271.4 ± 8.5 MPa (1400 rpm); wear shifted from abrasive (600 rpm) to more adhesive at higher speeds; conductivity decreased moderately from 93.7 ± 0.3 to 89.7 ± 0.4 %IACS (unreinforced Cu at 600 rpm: 95.9 ± 0.2 %IACS).