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<p>Spinel LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> is one of the most promising cathode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. However, issues such as manganese dissolution and the Jahn–Teller effect lead to rapid capacity fading, especially at high temperatures over prolonged cycling. In this study, a synergy strategy with Al-doping and spherical particle morphology has been utilized to enhance the electrochemical performance of LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Initially, the spherical Al-doped Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was prepared by a corrosion–oxidation method, which serves as the manganese source for the synthesis of spherical Li<sub>1.04</sub>Mn<sub>1.96−<i>y</i></sub>Al<sub><i>y</i></sub>O<sub>4</sub> via high-temperature solid-state reaction. Al-doping inhibits the Jahn–Teller effect, thus improving the cyclic performance of the material. Simultaneously, the spherical morphology possesses a higher energy density, efficiently balancing the capacity loss caused by doping. Compared with the undoped Li<sub>1.04</sub>Mn<sub>1.96</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, the optimally designed Li<sub>1.04</sub>Mn<sub>1.92</sub>Al<sub>0.04</sub>O<sub>4</sub> sample exhibited superior cycling stability and rate capability while maintaining a high discharge capacity. It exhibited a capacity retention of 97.7% after 200 cycles at 1 C and 25&#xa0;°C, with an initial discharge capacity of 122.1 mAh/g. Notably, under high current conditions of 10 C, it still demonstrated a capacity of 110.9 mAh/g. This study offers a simple and effective approach for the large-scale production of high-performance spinel LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.</p>

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Doping and Morphological Engineering for Enhancing Electrochemical Properties of Spinel LiMn2O4 Cathode

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月6日

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  • Yicun Wang,
  • Yuhuan Guo,
  • Zhipeng Wang,
  • Zenghui Li,
  • Yang Yang,
  • Jin Yu,
  • Xiaodong Pei,
  • Dongming Liu

摘要

Spinel LiMn2O4 is one of the most promising cathode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. However, issues such as manganese dissolution and the Jahn–Teller effect lead to rapid capacity fading, especially at high temperatures over prolonged cycling. In this study, a synergy strategy with Al-doping and spherical particle morphology has been utilized to enhance the electrochemical performance of LiMn2O4. Initially, the spherical Al-doped Mn3O4 was prepared by a corrosion–oxidation method, which serves as the manganese source for the synthesis of spherical Li1.04Mn1.96−yAlyO4 via high-temperature solid-state reaction. Al-doping inhibits the Jahn–Teller effect, thus improving the cyclic performance of the material. Simultaneously, the spherical morphology possesses a higher energy density, efficiently balancing the capacity loss caused by doping. Compared with the undoped Li1.04Mn1.96O4, the optimally designed Li1.04Mn1.92Al0.04O4 sample exhibited superior cycling stability and rate capability while maintaining a high discharge capacity. It exhibited a capacity retention of 97.7% after 200 cycles at 1 C and 25 °C, with an initial discharge capacity of 122.1 mAh/g. Notably, under high current conditions of 10 C, it still demonstrated a capacity of 110.9 mAh/g. This study offers a simple and effective approach for the large-scale production of high-performance spinel LiMn2O4.