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<p>Supersonic oxygen jets find widespread application in steelmaking processes, particularly in basic oxygen furnaces (BOFs) and electric arc furnaces (EAFs). These jets play a crucial role in refining liquid iron by enhancing mixing and decarburization rates. However, their behavior in high-temperature environments remains complex and challenging to predict accurately using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The main reason is that CFD strongly depends on the turbulence model employed. Since there is no universal turbulence model for all fluid flow conditions, in the present investigation, we compared five different turbulence models with three sets of experimental data on oxygen injection in the EAF. Most of the previous studies have selected a single turbulence model based on prior research, theoretical background, or computational limitations; however, there are not enough studies comparing the accuracy of these models. This investigation has found that both the modified <i>k</i>-ε model (m<i>k</i>-ε) and RNG <i>k</i>-ε model can accurately predict the flow structure of oxygen gas injection into the EAF.</p>

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On the Accuracy of RANS Turbulence Models for CFD Simulations of Oxygen Jets in the EAF

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月17日

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  • Samuel Fornah,
  • E. Jardon,
  • M. A. Ramirez-Argaez,
  • A. N. Conejo

摘要

Supersonic oxygen jets find widespread application in steelmaking processes, particularly in basic oxygen furnaces (BOFs) and electric arc furnaces (EAFs). These jets play a crucial role in refining liquid iron by enhancing mixing and decarburization rates. However, their behavior in high-temperature environments remains complex and challenging to predict accurately using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The main reason is that CFD strongly depends on the turbulence model employed. Since there is no universal turbulence model for all fluid flow conditions, in the present investigation, we compared five different turbulence models with three sets of experimental data on oxygen injection in the EAF. Most of the previous studies have selected a single turbulence model based on prior research, theoretical background, or computational limitations; however, there are not enough studies comparing the accuracy of these models. This investigation has found that both the modified k-ε model (mk-ε) and RNG k-ε model can accurately predict the flow structure of oxygen gas injection into the EAF.