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<p>In pursuit of an efficient method to remove oxygen (O) directly from titanium (Ti), the current work presents a thermodynamic analysis of the deoxidation of liquid Ti using yttrium (Y), a rare-earth element, with a focus on reactions involving YF<sub>3</sub> flux and the formation of yttrium oxyfluorides such as YOF and Y<sub>4</sub>O<sub>3</sub>F<sub>6</sub>. Based on equilibrium calculations, this reaction is expected to reduce the oxygen concentration in liquid Ti to below 0.2 mass% (2000 mass ppm) at approximately 2000&#xa0;K (1727 °C). Importantly, the equilibrium oxygen concentration remains acceptably low, even when the Y concentration in Ti is as low as 0.1 mass% (1000 mass ppm). This innovative method offers a rapid and efficient way to remove oxygen from Ti during smelting and refining. This method also provides a new approach for recycling Ti scrap contaminated with oxygen impurities. The proposed process could significantly enhance the productivity of metallic Ti and promote the wider adoption of Ti-based products.</p>

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Thermodynamic Consideration on the Deoxidation of Liquid Titanium Using a Rare-Earth Element and Fluoride Flux

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月8日

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  • Gen Kamimura,
  • Takanari Ouchi,
  • Toru H. Okabe

摘要

In pursuit of an efficient method to remove oxygen (O) directly from titanium (Ti), the current work presents a thermodynamic analysis of the deoxidation of liquid Ti using yttrium (Y), a rare-earth element, with a focus on reactions involving YF3 flux and the formation of yttrium oxyfluorides such as YOF and Y4O3F6. Based on equilibrium calculations, this reaction is expected to reduce the oxygen concentration in liquid Ti to below 0.2 mass% (2000 mass ppm) at approximately 2000 K (1727 °C). Importantly, the equilibrium oxygen concentration remains acceptably low, even when the Y concentration in Ti is as low as 0.1 mass% (1000 mass ppm). This innovative method offers a rapid and efficient way to remove oxygen from Ti during smelting and refining. This method also provides a new approach for recycling Ti scrap contaminated with oxygen impurities. The proposed process could significantly enhance the productivity of metallic Ti and promote the wider adoption of Ti-based products.