Numerical Simulation of Stress and Temperature Fields in Laser-Alloyed FeMnSiCrNi Shape Memory Alloy Coatings on 316 Stainless Steel

The employment of ANSYS finite element analysis software facilitated the examination of temperature and stress distributions within FeMnSiCrNi shape memory alloy coatings subjected to single-pass and multi-pass laser alloying. The findings from the simulation demonstrated that the fusion zone in the track created by a single laser pass adopts a semi-spoon configuration with a circular area at its center. Following the alloyed coating's return to ambient temperature, the core region of the substrate experiences a transition in transverse residual stress, starting with compressive stress at the center and gradually shifting to tensile stress towards the edges. In the direction of laser movement, the longitudinal residual stress within the coating undergoes a pattern of changing from compressive to tensile, and then back to compressive stress. During the multi-pass laser alloying process for FeMnSi shape memory alloys, the procedure mimics sequential heating phases, peaking at a temperature of 2467°C.