Research Progress of Ultrasonic Impact Composite Arc Cladding Technology on Engineering Alloys: A Review

With the advantages of high quality, high efficiency, and low cost, arc cladding technology is particularly suitable for the preparation of coatings and the formation of components. Due to the excessive heat input and slow cooling rate, the residual stress on the surface and internal large size grains are formed on the prepared cladding layer, seriously affecting the service life and mechanical properties of the engineering alloys. Ultrasonic impact treatment can significantly reduce the residual tensile stress of the cladding joint and effectively improve its fatigue strength. Meanwhile, the ultrasonic impact can refine grains and inhibit grain growth during the ultrasonic impact composite arc cladding process, which significantly improves the surface hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature resistance of the materials, thus extending the component’s service life. This paper outlines the concepts of the arc cladding-ultrasonic composite preparation technology, summarizes the application and complex method of the ultrasonic impact and the arc cladding process, and finally presents the application prospects and development direction of the ultrasonic impact technology in the arc cladding process.