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<p>Precast reinforced concrete structures are typically constructed through the offsite fabrication of discrete components and their onsite assembly. Force transfer through connection interfaces, combined with detailing and manufacturing constraints, redefines the modeling boundaries of topology optimization problems, limiting the direct application of conventional continuum-oriented topology optimization paradigms to engineering practice. This study adopted a systematic review approach, combining bibliometrics and content analysis, and a two-reviewer Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool-based quality appraisal, to systematically examine the research progress on topology optimization in precast reinforced concrete members, connection joints, and modular systems, focusing on optimization targets, modeling assumptions, solution strategies, manufacturing and assembly constraints, and performance evaluation. The results show that research activity in this field has grown rapidly since 2019. Related studies are evolving from structural optimization centered on material distribution and stiffness metrics to an integrated generative design paradigm that simultaneously considers structural mechanisms, connection detailing, design for manufacturing and assembly, and environmental performance. Discrete approaches offer greater interpretability in identifying load-transfer paths and extracting strut-and-tie skeletons, whereas continuum methods, such as the density method and level set approaches, are more conducive to producing crisp boundaries and explicitly embedding geometric and process constraints within the optimization loop. Currently, several key bottlenecks remain, including multi-material modeling and connection nonlinearity, coordinated layout of reinforcement and embedded components, representation of code-based constraints, insufficient cross-scale validation, and limited life-cycle assessment. Future research may focus on strengthening the internalization of manufacturing- and assembly-oriented constraints within multi-objective and multiscale frameworks and integrating topology optimization with digital construction and data-driven methods to promote its engineering application in precast reinforced concrete structures.</p>

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Advances in the Application of Topology Optimization to Prefabricated Reinforced Concrete Structures: A Systematic Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Xiao Shuoting,
  • Nikita Igorevich Fomin,
  • Yulia Dmitrievna Kolmakova,
  • Kirill Anatolyevich Khvostunkov,
  • Liu Chong,
  • Hao Yang

摘要

Precast reinforced concrete structures are typically constructed through the offsite fabrication of discrete components and their onsite assembly. Force transfer through connection interfaces, combined with detailing and manufacturing constraints, redefines the modeling boundaries of topology optimization problems, limiting the direct application of conventional continuum-oriented topology optimization paradigms to engineering practice. This study adopted a systematic review approach, combining bibliometrics and content analysis, and a two-reviewer Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool-based quality appraisal, to systematically examine the research progress on topology optimization in precast reinforced concrete members, connection joints, and modular systems, focusing on optimization targets, modeling assumptions, solution strategies, manufacturing and assembly constraints, and performance evaluation. The results show that research activity in this field has grown rapidly since 2019. Related studies are evolving from structural optimization centered on material distribution and stiffness metrics to an integrated generative design paradigm that simultaneously considers structural mechanisms, connection detailing, design for manufacturing and assembly, and environmental performance. Discrete approaches offer greater interpretability in identifying load-transfer paths and extracting strut-and-tie skeletons, whereas continuum methods, such as the density method and level set approaches, are more conducive to producing crisp boundaries and explicitly embedding geometric and process constraints within the optimization loop. Currently, several key bottlenecks remain, including multi-material modeling and connection nonlinearity, coordinated layout of reinforcement and embedded components, representation of code-based constraints, insufficient cross-scale validation, and limited life-cycle assessment. Future research may focus on strengthening the internalization of manufacturing- and assembly-oriented constraints within multi-objective and multiscale frameworks and integrating topology optimization with digital construction and data-driven methods to promote its engineering application in precast reinforced concrete structures.