A Comprehensive Review: Applications of the Kozeny–Carman Model in Engineering with Permeability Dynamics

In this review article, we investigate the dynamic nature of the Kozeny–Carman Model concerning permeability and its application in engineering contexts. Providing insights into the changing dynamics of permeability within mining, petroleum, and geotechnical engineering, among other engineering applications. While some are complex and require additional modifications to be applicable, others are simple and still function in specific situations. Therefore, having a thorough understanding of the most recent permeability evolution model would help engineers and researchers in finding the right solution for engineering issues for prospects. The permeability evolution model Kozeny–Carman (KC) put forth by previous and current researchers is compiled in this paper, with a focus on its features and drawbacks.