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<p>Trichomes are specialized epidermal structures that act as physical/ chemical barriers to repel herbivores often found most abundantly in wild crop relatives compared to their cultivated genotypes. Previous studies revealed that certain wild <i>Solanum</i> species exhibit complete feeding antixenosis (= feeding non-preference) against ash weevil, <i>Myllocerus subfasciatus</i> Guerin-Meneville, an important folivore pest on brinjal (<i>Solanum melongena</i>). We studied the feeding behaviour of ash weevil in detail among the wild and cultivated <i>Solanum</i> species and their trichome morphology and secondary metabolites to identify the traits responsible for the feeding antixenosis. Detailed observations were made on the leaf trichome diversity and their biochemical characterization in the wild (<i>S. mammosum, S. viarum, S. macrocarpon, S. sisymbriifolium, S. indicum, S. aethiopicum, S. gilo, S. torvum, S. capsicoides, S. seaforthianum and S. nigrum</i>) as well as cultivated <i>S. melongena</i> that could explain the observed host plant defense (feeding-antixenosis) against <i>M. subfasciatus</i>. Seven types of trichomes including glandular (IV, VI, VII) and non-glandular (II, III, V, VIII) are noticed and <i>Solanum</i> species having glandular trichomes were less preferred by ash weevil. Most of the susceptible <i>Solanum</i> species mainly comprised non-glandular trichomes (type VIII) and were completely devoid of glandular trichomes. Biochemical characterization of different <i>Solanum</i> species trichome wash by GC–MS [Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Volatile Organic Compounds (= VOCs)] and LC–MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry for phenolic acids, acyl sugars) revealed specific metabolites in glandular trichomes that might have played role in the observed antixenosis against ash weevil. Higher proportions of acyl sugars and phenolic acids that appear to be correlated with the feeding antixenosis of ash weevil were associated with glandular trichome density. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that of 45 VOCs observed, Z-11(13,13-Dimethyl) tetradecen-1-ol acetate; acetic acid, (2-benzothiazolylthio)-, ethyl ester; Z-9-Octadecenoic acid; 9-Tetradecenal, (Z) were found to contribute to the observed feeding antixenosis, whereas, n-hexadecanoic acid which is predominantly present in the non-glandular trichomes might have conferred the susceptibility of <i>Solanum</i> species.</p>

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Trichomes and their associated feeding antixenosis in wild Solanum species against ash weevil, Myllocerus subfasciatus Guerin-Meneville (Curculionidae: Coleoptera)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Jayanthi Mala B. Ramakrishnaiah,
  • Krishnamoorthy S. Venkatachary,
  • Saravan K. Parepely,
  • Singh T. Hatiya,
  • Shivashankara K. Seetharamaiah,
  • Naresh Ponnam,
  • Duleep K. Samuel,
  • Kamala Jayanthi P. Damodaram

摘要

Trichomes are specialized epidermal structures that act as physical/ chemical barriers to repel herbivores often found most abundantly in wild crop relatives compared to their cultivated genotypes. Previous studies revealed that certain wild Solanum species exhibit complete feeding antixenosis (= feeding non-preference) against ash weevil, Myllocerus subfasciatus Guerin-Meneville, an important folivore pest on brinjal (Solanum melongena). We studied the feeding behaviour of ash weevil in detail among the wild and cultivated Solanum species and their trichome morphology and secondary metabolites to identify the traits responsible for the feeding antixenosis. Detailed observations were made on the leaf trichome diversity and their biochemical characterization in the wild (S. mammosum, S. viarum, S. macrocarpon, S. sisymbriifolium, S. indicum, S. aethiopicum, S. gilo, S. torvum, S. capsicoides, S. seaforthianum and S. nigrum) as well as cultivated S. melongena that could explain the observed host plant defense (feeding-antixenosis) against M. subfasciatus. Seven types of trichomes including glandular (IV, VI, VII) and non-glandular (II, III, V, VIII) are noticed and Solanum species having glandular trichomes were less preferred by ash weevil. Most of the susceptible Solanum species mainly comprised non-glandular trichomes (type VIII) and were completely devoid of glandular trichomes. Biochemical characterization of different Solanum species trichome wash by GC–MS [Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Volatile Organic Compounds (= VOCs)] and LC–MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry for phenolic acids, acyl sugars) revealed specific metabolites in glandular trichomes that might have played role in the observed antixenosis against ash weevil. Higher proportions of acyl sugars and phenolic acids that appear to be correlated with the feeding antixenosis of ash weevil were associated with glandular trichome density. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that of 45 VOCs observed, Z-11(13,13-Dimethyl) tetradecen-1-ol acetate; acetic acid, (2-benzothiazolylthio)-, ethyl ester; Z-9-Octadecenoic acid; 9-Tetradecenal, (Z) were found to contribute to the observed feeding antixenosis, whereas, n-hexadecanoic acid which is predominantly present in the non-glandular trichomes might have conferred the susceptibility of Solanum species.