Schlafstörungen bei Parkinson-Krankheit

Sleep of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is affected by both motor and non-motor symptoms; the neurodegeneration causes alterations in cerebral regions responsible for sleep–wake regulation. The spectrum of possible sleep disorders in PD therefore includes all categories of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders 3 (ICSD‑3): parasomnias, especially REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD); insomnia; excessive daytime sleepiness; circadian sleep–wake rhythm disorders; sleep-related movement disorders (especially restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder); and sleep-disordered breathing. Different symptoms often coexist and worsen with longer disease duration. In addition, recognition and avoidance of adverse drug effects is necessary to enable individualized treatment of sleep disorders and thus improve the quality of life of those affected and their caregivers.