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<p>Turmeric is a perennial herb with rhizomes, classified within the Zingiberaceae family. Originating in India, it is extensively cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions of South and Southeast Asia. Turmeric has long been used as a home remedy for several illnesses, in addition to being a component of many folk treatments and conventional medical systems such as Ayurveda. Curcuminoids, including curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, are the primary bioactive compounds found in turmeric rhizomes. These compounds are accountable for its yellow color and medicinal properties, exhibiting various biological activities and pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Turmeric is highly regarded not only for its medicinal properties but also for its culinary uses and religious significance. The crop improvement programs have mainly focused on clonal selection and induced mutation, aiming to identify genotypes with high yield and high curing percentage. Recent advancements in genomics have improved our understanding of secondary metabolite pathways, curcumin biosynthesis, tuber formation traits, and evolutionary basis of turmeric’s medicinal properties. This review examines turmeric’s importance, analyzes the progress of crop improvement studies, explores its bioactive compounds and their benefits, identifies current research gaps, and proposes directions for future research.</p>

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Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.): the multifaceted golden plant—insights and uses

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • Karthikeyan Adhimoolam,
  • Cat Tuong Do Thi,
  • Sungyeon Chin,
  • Anjana Sureshbabu,
  • Elena Smirnova,
  • Moniruzzaman Mohammad,
  • Kalaiselvi Senthil,
  • Taesun Min,
  • In-Jung Kim

摘要

Turmeric is a perennial herb with rhizomes, classified within the Zingiberaceae family. Originating in India, it is extensively cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions of South and Southeast Asia. Turmeric has long been used as a home remedy for several illnesses, in addition to being a component of many folk treatments and conventional medical systems such as Ayurveda. Curcuminoids, including curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, are the primary bioactive compounds found in turmeric rhizomes. These compounds are accountable for its yellow color and medicinal properties, exhibiting various biological activities and pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Turmeric is highly regarded not only for its medicinal properties but also for its culinary uses and religious significance. The crop improvement programs have mainly focused on clonal selection and induced mutation, aiming to identify genotypes with high yield and high curing percentage. Recent advancements in genomics have improved our understanding of secondary metabolite pathways, curcumin biosynthesis, tuber formation traits, and evolutionary basis of turmeric’s medicinal properties. This review examines turmeric’s importance, analyzes the progress of crop improvement studies, explores its bioactive compounds and their benefits, identifies current research gaps, and proposes directions for future research.