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<p>Fossil fuels are carbon sources that account for a significant 80% of energy supply. Electricity-based fuel (e-fuel) and biofuel are attracting attention as technologies that produce alternative fuels to these fossil fuels. Among low-carbon eco-friendly materials, dimethyl ether (DME) is of high interest as it can be used as both e-fuel and biofuel. In this study, three raw materials, i.e. syngas, biogas, mix of captured CO<sub>2</sub> and green H<sub>2</sub>, are used to compare DME fuel production process. Furthermore, by comparing two synthesis routes, techno-economic analysis and environmental impact evaluation are conducted for the six processes. As a result, the most eco-friendly process was the CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>-based indirect synthesis process with 0.24 ton-<sub>CO2</sub>/ton-<sub>DME</sub>, and the most cost-competitive process was the syngas-based direct synthesis process with 434 $/ton-<sub>DME</sub>. Meanwhile, considering the minimum DME selling price (MDSP), only CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>-based DME processes (i.e., 1,938 $/ton-<sub>DME</sub> and 2,633 $/ton-<sub>DME</sub> for the indirect and direct route, respectively) are more expensive than fossil fuel. However, with advances in hydrogen technology and the implementation of carbon taxes, the MDSP decreases by about 48.7% and 50.4%, respectively, suggesting its potential as a cost-competitive alternative fuel.</p>

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Comparative Study of Dimethyl Ether (DME) Production Using CO2, Syngas, and Biogas: Economic and Environmental Perspectives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Yun Gyu Lee,
  • Yoo Ri Kim,
  • Dong Hwi Jeong

摘要

Fossil fuels are carbon sources that account for a significant 80% of energy supply. Electricity-based fuel (e-fuel) and biofuel are attracting attention as technologies that produce alternative fuels to these fossil fuels. Among low-carbon eco-friendly materials, dimethyl ether (DME) is of high interest as it can be used as both e-fuel and biofuel. In this study, three raw materials, i.e. syngas, biogas, mix of captured CO2 and green H2, are used to compare DME fuel production process. Furthermore, by comparing two synthesis routes, techno-economic analysis and environmental impact evaluation are conducted for the six processes. As a result, the most eco-friendly process was the CO2 and H2-based indirect synthesis process with 0.24 ton-CO2/ton-DME, and the most cost-competitive process was the syngas-based direct synthesis process with 434 $/ton-DME. Meanwhile, considering the minimum DME selling price (MDSP), only CO2 and H2-based DME processes (i.e., 1,938 $/ton-DME and 2,633 $/ton-DME for the indirect and direct route, respectively) are more expensive than fossil fuel. However, with advances in hydrogen technology and the implementation of carbon taxes, the MDSP decreases by about 48.7% and 50.4%, respectively, suggesting its potential as a cost-competitive alternative fuel.