Regulating Zinc Nucleation via KOH-Etched and Cu-Coated Carbon Felt for Stable Zinc–Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
摘要
To mitigate zinc dendrite growth at the negative electrode of zinc–vanadium redox flow batteries, a KOH-etched and Cu-coated carbon felt was employed and systematically compared with pristine carbon felt. The electrochemical properties of the modified electrode were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, revealing a reduced zinc nucleation overpotential, enhanced peak current, and decreased interfacial resistance. Furthermore, zinc symmetric cell and full-cell charge–discharge tests demonstrated significantly improved cycling stability and reduced overpotential. The full cell employing the modified electrode delivered an average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 100% and an average energy efficiency (EE) of 87.292% over 100 cycles, confirming the effectiveness of the surface modification in suppressing zinc dendrite growth and enhancing overall battery performance.