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<p>The current experimental investigation emphases on the synthetization and characterizations of pure and Fe<sup>3+</sup>&amp; Cu<sup>2+</sup> co-doped [Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>0.02</sub>Cu<sub>0.06</sub>O<sub><i>x</i></sub>, Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>0.04</sub>Cu<sub>0.04</sub>O<sub><i>x</i></sub>, and Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>0.06</sub>Cu<sub>0.02</sub>O<sub><i>x</i></sub>] NiO nanoparticles (NPs) prepared through the hydrothermal method for improved supercapacitor performance. The synthesized NiO NPs were subjected to annealing at 800&#xa0;°C and subsequently examined using a range of characterization methods.The XRD analysis verified the existence of a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure.The FESEM-EDAX confirmed successful dopant incorporation, revealing changes in surface morphology and particle size. An enhancementin the optical bandgap from 3.15 to 3.45&#xa0;eV was found by the UV–Vis-DRS study, indicating the possibility of quantum confinement effects. The XPS provided insights into the surface chemistry, confirming the presence and concentrations of Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Fe<sup>3+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions in their respective chemical states. BET analysis indicated a reduction in the specific surface areafrom 18.59 m<sup>2</sup>/g (pure NiO) to 11.04 m<sup>2</sup>/g (co-doped NiO), but an increase in pore diameter facilitates ion diffusion. Electrochemical analysis showed that [Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>0.06</sub>Cu<sub>0.02</sub>O<sub><i>x</i></sub>] achieved a highest specific capacitance of 546 F g<sup>−1</sup>, at 10 mVs<sup>−1</sup>exhibiting significantly superior performance than pure NiO NPs.This study highlighted the potential of Fe<sup>3+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup> co-doped NiO NPs in enhancing the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors through improved charge storage capacity and conductivity.Furthermore, cyclic stability testing revealed that the co-doped sample retained approximately 92.12% of its initial capacitance after 2000 charge–discharge cycles, demonstrating excellent long-term electrochemical durability. These results underline the importance of doping in optimizing material properties for next-generation energy storage devices, making these nanoparticles a promising candidate for sustainable and high-performance supercapacitors.</p>

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Exploring the Synergistic Effects of Fe3+ and Cu2+ Co-Doping in Hydrothermally Synthesized NiO Nanoparticles for Enhanced Supercapacitor Performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月22日

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  • Leekeshwer Upadhyay,
  • S. Dhanapandian,
  • S. Suthakaran,
  • BhoomikaYadav,
  • Kamal K. Kar,
  • Anju Dixit,
  • Devendra Kumar,
  • Suresh Sundaramurthy,
  • Manikandan Ayyar

摘要

The current experimental investigation emphases on the synthetization and characterizations of pure and Fe3+& Cu2+ co-doped [Ni0.5Fe0.02Cu0.06Ox, Ni0.5Fe0.04Cu0.04Ox, and Ni0.5Fe0.06Cu0.02Ox] NiO nanoparticles (NPs) prepared through the hydrothermal method for improved supercapacitor performance. The synthesized NiO NPs were subjected to annealing at 800 °C and subsequently examined using a range of characterization methods.The XRD analysis verified the existence of a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure.The FESEM-EDAX confirmed successful dopant incorporation, revealing changes in surface morphology and particle size. An enhancementin the optical bandgap from 3.15 to 3.45 eV was found by the UV–Vis-DRS study, indicating the possibility of quantum confinement effects. The XPS provided insights into the surface chemistry, confirming the presence and concentrations of Ni2+, Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions in their respective chemical states. BET analysis indicated a reduction in the specific surface areafrom 18.59 m2/g (pure NiO) to 11.04 m2/g (co-doped NiO), but an increase in pore diameter facilitates ion diffusion. Electrochemical analysis showed that [Ni0.5Fe0.06Cu0.02Ox] achieved a highest specific capacitance of 546 F g−1, at 10 mVs−1exhibiting significantly superior performance than pure NiO NPs.This study highlighted the potential of Fe3+ and Cu2+ co-doped NiO NPs in enhancing the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors through improved charge storage capacity and conductivity.Furthermore, cyclic stability testing revealed that the co-doped sample retained approximately 92.12% of its initial capacitance after 2000 charge–discharge cycles, demonstrating excellent long-term electrochemical durability. These results underline the importance of doping in optimizing material properties for next-generation energy storage devices, making these nanoparticles a promising candidate for sustainable and high-performance supercapacitors.