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<p>Due to their distinctive hydrodynamic characteristics, undulating fins have become a research hotspot in the field of underwater vehicles. However, conventional undulating fins exhibit significant limitations in heave motion, which severely restrict their applicability in underwater environments. Inspired by biomimetic principles, a novel undulating fin configuration is proposed in this study to overcome deficiencies associated with heave performance. Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the effects of undulation patterns, swing angles, and other parameters on the hydrodynamic responses during heave motion. The results indicate that variations in the swing angle exert a pronounced influence on the hydrodynamic forces in the <i>Y</i> direction. Specifically, the hydrodynamic response in the <i>Y</i> direction generated by an undulating fin with a swing angle of 30° is approximately three times that produced by a fin with a swing angle of 10°, demonstrating that larger swing angles enable more effective heave motion. The underlying mechanisms of these influencing factors are further elucidated through flow field analyses. The results show that, under different undulation modes, the vortices generated by the separated undulating fins either diverge or cancel each other. Nevertheless, none of the undulation patterns produces a significant impact on the overall hydrodynamic response of the undulating fins, thereby ensuring the stability of the heave motion of the separated undulating fin system. Overall, the proposed approach effectively enhances the maneuverability of underwater vehicles and compensates for the insufficient heave performance of conventional undulating fins.</p>

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Investigation of the Hydrodynamic Performance of Separated Undulating Fins in Heave Motion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月15日

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  • Guanghao Li,
  • Jiajun Zeng,
  • Kai Zhang,
  • Penglei Ma,
  • Meng Wang,
  • Guijie Liu

摘要

Due to their distinctive hydrodynamic characteristics, undulating fins have become a research hotspot in the field of underwater vehicles. However, conventional undulating fins exhibit significant limitations in heave motion, which severely restrict their applicability in underwater environments. Inspired by biomimetic principles, a novel undulating fin configuration is proposed in this study to overcome deficiencies associated with heave performance. Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the effects of undulation patterns, swing angles, and other parameters on the hydrodynamic responses during heave motion. The results indicate that variations in the swing angle exert a pronounced influence on the hydrodynamic forces in the Y direction. Specifically, the hydrodynamic response in the Y direction generated by an undulating fin with a swing angle of 30° is approximately three times that produced by a fin with a swing angle of 10°, demonstrating that larger swing angles enable more effective heave motion. The underlying mechanisms of these influencing factors are further elucidated through flow field analyses. The results show that, under different undulation modes, the vortices generated by the separated undulating fins either diverge or cancel each other. Nevertheless, none of the undulation patterns produces a significant impact on the overall hydrodynamic response of the undulating fins, thereby ensuring the stability of the heave motion of the separated undulating fin system. Overall, the proposed approach effectively enhances the maneuverability of underwater vehicles and compensates for the insufficient heave performance of conventional undulating fins.