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<p>Rapid inference of a seismic wavefield is essential for disaster assessment and emergency rescue. Interpolation methods based on observed strong motion recordings, supported by dense seismic networks, provide a computationally efficient alternative to traditional numerical simulations. However, these purely mathematical approaches fail to account for the physical processes of source rupture and wave propagation, as well as the spatial correlation and nonstationarity of frequency content in ground motion, thereby lacking physical interpretability. This study presents a rapid seismic wavefield inference method that incorporates the spatial correlation and nonstationarity of ground motion. We introduce a spatial correlation factor into the inverse-proportional-weighted interpolation method to infer the ground-motion Fourier amplitude spectra (FAS) at un-instrumented sites, using the FAS of nearby observed recordings. Furthermore, we apply an equivalent group velocity model to derive the ground-motion phase spectra, which are combined with the interpolated FAS to generate nonstationary ground-motion time histories. Verification results from an actual earthquake case indicate that the inferred FAS within the 0.1–25.0 Hz frequency band and ground-motion intensity measures are generally consistent with observed values. This study modestly improves the accuracy of seismic wavefield interpolation and offers a mechanistic basis for conventional mathematical interpolation methods from the perspective of engineering seismology.</p>

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Rapid inference of nonstationary broadband seismic wavefield based on ground-motion spatial correlation and equivalent group velocity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月25日

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  • Shiliang Zhang,
  • Qiang Ma,
  • Jiang Wang,
  • Quancai Xie,
  • Dongwang Tao

摘要

Rapid inference of a seismic wavefield is essential for disaster assessment and emergency rescue. Interpolation methods based on observed strong motion recordings, supported by dense seismic networks, provide a computationally efficient alternative to traditional numerical simulations. However, these purely mathematical approaches fail to account for the physical processes of source rupture and wave propagation, as well as the spatial correlation and nonstationarity of frequency content in ground motion, thereby lacking physical interpretability. This study presents a rapid seismic wavefield inference method that incorporates the spatial correlation and nonstationarity of ground motion. We introduce a spatial correlation factor into the inverse-proportional-weighted interpolation method to infer the ground-motion Fourier amplitude spectra (FAS) at un-instrumented sites, using the FAS of nearby observed recordings. Furthermore, we apply an equivalent group velocity model to derive the ground-motion phase spectra, which are combined with the interpolated FAS to generate nonstationary ground-motion time histories. Verification results from an actual earthquake case indicate that the inferred FAS within the 0.1–25.0 Hz frequency band and ground-motion intensity measures are generally consistent with observed values. This study modestly improves the accuracy of seismic wavefield interpolation and offers a mechanistic basis for conventional mathematical interpolation methods from the perspective of engineering seismology.