<p>Given an analytic function <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11785_2025_1713_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="80" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f=u+iv\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in the unit disk <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11785_2025_1713_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {D}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">D</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, Zygmund’s theorem gives the minimal growth restriction on <i>u</i> which ensures that <i>v</i> is in the Hardy space <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11785_2025_1713_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(h^1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>h</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. This need not be true if <i>f</i> is a complex-valued harmonic function. However, we prove that Zygmund’s theorem holds if <i>f</i> is a harmonic <i>K</i>-quasiregular mapping in <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11785_2025_1713_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {D}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">D</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Our work makes further progress on the recent Riesz-type theorem of Liu and Zhu (Adv. Math., 2023), and the Kolmogorov-type theorem of Kalaj (J. Math. Anal. Appl., 2025), for harmonic quasiregular mappings. We also obtain a partial converse, thus showing that the proposed growth condition is the best possible. Furthermore, as an application of the classical conjugate function theorems, we establish a harmonic analogue of a well-known result of Hardy and Littlewood.</p>

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Zygmund’s Theorem for Harmonic Quasiregular Mappings

  • Suman Das,
  • Jie Huang,
  • Antti Rasila

摘要

Given an analytic function \(f=u+iv\) f = u + i v in the unit disk \(\mathbb {D}\) D , Zygmund’s theorem gives the minimal growth restriction on u which ensures that v is in the Hardy space \(h^1\) h 1 . This need not be true if f is a complex-valued harmonic function. However, we prove that Zygmund’s theorem holds if f is a harmonic K-quasiregular mapping in \(\mathbb {D}\) D . Our work makes further progress on the recent Riesz-type theorem of Liu and Zhu (Adv. Math., 2023), and the Kolmogorov-type theorem of Kalaj (J. Math. Anal. Appl., 2025), for harmonic quasiregular mappings. We also obtain a partial converse, thus showing that the proposed growth condition is the best possible. Furthermore, as an application of the classical conjugate function theorems, we establish a harmonic analogue of a well-known result of Hardy and Littlewood.