<p>We investigate a class of variable growth nonlocal differential equations of Kirchhoff-type having the general form <Equation ID="Equ46"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} -A\!\left( \int _0^1 b(1-s)\big (u(s)\big )^{p(s)}\,ds\right) u''(t) = \lambda f\big (t,u(t)\big ), \quad t\in (0,1), \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mspace width="-0.166667em" /> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mn>1</mn> </msubsup> <mi>b</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">(</mo> </mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>s</mi> </mfenced> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo>′</mo> <mo>′</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">(</mo> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>t</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <i>A</i> is a possibly sign-changing function. Our analysis is carried out in the variable-exponent Lebesgue space <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^{p(\cdot )}([0,1])\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>·</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> under the standing hypothesis <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p(t)&gt;1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We demonstrate that using the Luxemburg norm allows for a sharper localisation of the solution to the nonlocal problem. Moreover, conditions imposed on both <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <i>f</i> are appreciably weakened by analysing the problem within the Luxemburg norm framework. An example explicitly demonstrates both the qualitative and the quantitative advantages over earlier techniques.</p>

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Luxemburg norm localisation for nonlocal differential equations in variable-exponent Lebesgue spaces

  • Christopher S. Goodrich,
  • Gabriel Nakhl

摘要

We investigate a class of variable growth nonlocal differential equations of Kirchhoff-type having the general form \(\begin{aligned} -A\!\left( \int _0^1 b(1-s)\big (u(s)\big )^{p(s)}\,ds\right) u''(t) = \lambda f\big (t,u(t)\big ), \quad t\in (0,1), \end{aligned}\) - A 0 1 b ( 1 - s ) ( u ( s ) ) p ( s ) d s u ( t ) = λ f ( t , u ( t ) ) , t ( 0 , 1 ) , where A is a possibly sign-changing function. Our analysis is carried out in the variable-exponent Lebesgue space \(L^{p(\cdot )}([0,1])\) L p ( · ) ( [ 0 , 1 ] ) under the standing hypothesis \(p(t)>1\) p ( t ) > 1 . We demonstrate that using the Luxemburg norm allows for a sharper localisation of the solution to the nonlocal problem. Moreover, conditions imposed on both \(\lambda \) λ and f are appreciably weakened by analysing the problem within the Luxemburg norm framework. An example explicitly demonstrates both the qualitative and the quantitative advantages over earlier techniques.