<p>We consider the discrete systems of prescribed mean curvature equations with Lane-Emden type nonlinearities in Minkowski spaces <Equation ID="Equ25"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \nabla \big (\frac{\Delta u(x)}{\sqrt{1-|\Delta u(x)|^2}}\big )+\lambda _1\mu _1(x)u^{p_1}v^{q_1}=0,\ \ \ \ x\in [1, N-1]_{\mathbb Z},\\ \nabla \big (\frac{\Delta v(x)}{\sqrt{1-|\Delta v(x)|^2}}\big )+\lambda _2\mu _2(x)u^{p_2}v^{q_2}=0,\ \ \ \ x\in [1, N-1]_{\mathbb Z},\\ u(0)=u(N)=0,\ v(0)=v(N)=0, \end{array}\right. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">(</mo> </mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mfrac> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </msup> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">(</mo> </mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mfrac> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </msup> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda _1, \lambda _2&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are real parameters, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu _1, \mu _2: [1, N-1]_{\mathbb Z}\rightarrow [0,\infty )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>:</mo> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are continuous functions. Based on the lower and upper solutions method and fixed point index, we prove that there exists a continuous curve <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Gamma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, such that the first quadrant is divided into two disjoint unbounded open sets <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {O}_1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="script">O</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {O}_2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="script">O</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> by this curve, and the discrete system has no positive solutions if <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\lambda _1, \lambda _2)\in \mathcal {O}_1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="script">O</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, at least one positive solution if <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\lambda _1, \lambda _2)\in \Gamma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> or at least two positive solutions if <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\lambda _1, \lambda _2)\in \mathcal {O}_2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="script">O</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for multiparameter discrete systems involving mean curvature operator in Minkowski space

  • Liping Wei,
  • Shunchang Su,
  • Yongqiang Dai

摘要

We consider the discrete systems of prescribed mean curvature equations with Lane-Emden type nonlinearities in Minkowski spaces \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \nabla \big (\frac{\Delta u(x)}{\sqrt{1-|\Delta u(x)|^2}}\big )+\lambda _1\mu _1(x)u^{p_1}v^{q_1}=0,\ \ \ \ x\in [1, N-1]_{\mathbb Z},\\ \nabla \big (\frac{\Delta v(x)}{\sqrt{1-|\Delta v(x)|^2}}\big )+\lambda _2\mu _2(x)u^{p_2}v^{q_2}=0,\ \ \ \ x\in [1, N-1]_{\mathbb Z},\\ u(0)=u(N)=0,\ v(0)=v(N)=0, \end{array}\right. \end{aligned}\) ( Δ u ( x ) 1 - | Δ u ( x ) | 2 ) + λ 1 μ 1 ( x ) u p 1 v q 1 = 0 , x [ 1 , N - 1 ] Z , ( Δ v ( x ) 1 - | Δ v ( x ) | 2 ) + λ 2 μ 2 ( x ) u p 2 v q 2 = 0 , x [ 1 , N - 1 ] Z , u ( 0 ) = u ( N ) = 0 , v ( 0 ) = v ( N ) = 0 , where \(\lambda _1, \lambda _2>0\) λ 1 , λ 2 > 0 are real parameters, and \(\mu _1, \mu _2: [1, N-1]_{\mathbb Z}\rightarrow [0,\infty )\) μ 1 , μ 2 : [ 1 , N - 1 ] Z [ 0 , ) are continuous functions. Based on the lower and upper solutions method and fixed point index, we prove that there exists a continuous curve \(\Gamma \) Γ , such that the first quadrant is divided into two disjoint unbounded open sets \(\mathcal {O}_1\) O 1 and \(\mathcal {O}_2\) O 2 by this curve, and the discrete system has no positive solutions if \((\lambda _1, \lambda _2)\in \mathcal {O}_1\) ( λ 1 , λ 2 ) O 1 , at least one positive solution if \((\lambda _1, \lambda _2)\in \Gamma \) ( λ 1 , λ 2 ) Γ or at least two positive solutions if \((\lambda _1, \lambda _2)\in \mathcal {O}_2\) ( λ 1 , λ 2 ) O 2 .