<p>We are concerned with the following fractional elliptic equation with almost critical non-power non-linearity <Equation ID="Equ77"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{lll} (-\Delta )^s u =\frac{|u|^{2_s^*-2}u}{[\ln (e+|u|)]^\varepsilon }\ \ &amp; \textrm{in}\ \Omega , \\ u= 0 \ \ &amp; \textrm{on}\ \partial \Omega , \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>s</mi> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msubsup> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mo>ln</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mi>ε</mi> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mtext>on</mtext> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a bounded smooth domain in <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {R}^n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\ge 2\,s+1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>s</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s\in (\frac{1}{2},1)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((-\Delta )^s\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>s</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the spectral fractional Laplacian operator with zero Dirichlet boundary condition, <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2_s^*=\frac{2n}{n-2s}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the fractional critical Sobolev exponent, <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varepsilon &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ε</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a small parameter. By employing the Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction argument, we prove that this problem admits a sign-changing solution behaving like a superposition of bubbles blowing-up at minimum points of the Robin function with different rates of concentration as <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varepsilon \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>ε</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> goes zero.</p>

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Sign-changing bubble tower solutions of a non-local elliptic problem involving almost critical non-power non-linearity

  • Fang Yu,
  • Jianjun Zhang

摘要

We are concerned with the following fractional elliptic equation with almost critical non-power non-linearity \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{lll} (-\Delta )^s u =\frac{|u|^{2_s^*-2}u}{[\ln (e+|u|)]^\varepsilon }\ \ & \textrm{in}\ \Omega , \\ u= 0 \ \ & \textrm{on}\ \partial \Omega , \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\) ( - Δ ) s u = | u | 2 s - 2 u [ ln ( e + | u | ) ] ε in Ω , u = 0 on Ω , where \(\Omega \) Ω is a bounded smooth domain in \(\mathbb {R}^n\) R n with \(n\ge 2\,s+1\) n 2 s + 1 , \(s\in (\frac{1}{2},1)\) s ( 1 2 , 1 ) , \((-\Delta )^s\) ( - Δ ) s is the spectral fractional Laplacian operator with zero Dirichlet boundary condition, \(2_s^*=\frac{2n}{n-2s}\) 2 s = 2 n n - 2 s is the fractional critical Sobolev exponent, \(\varepsilon >0\) ε > 0 is a small parameter. By employing the Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction argument, we prove that this problem admits a sign-changing solution behaving like a superposition of bubbles blowing-up at minimum points of the Robin function with different rates of concentration as \(\varepsilon \) ε goes zero.