<p>This paper is devoted to studying the existence of normalized solutions for the following quasilinear Schrödinger equation <Equation ID="Equ43"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1233_Article_Equ43.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="335" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \begin{aligned} -\Delta u-u\Delta u^2 +\lambda u=|u|^{p-2}u \quad \textrm{in}\ \mathbb {R}^{N}, N=3,4 \end{aligned} \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mspace width="1em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="4pt" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1233_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> appears as a Lagrange multiplier and <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1233_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="126" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p \in (4+\frac{4}{N},2\cdot 2^*]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mn>4</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>·</mo> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The solutions correspond to critical points of the energy functional subject to the <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1233_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-norm constraint <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1233_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="142" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\int _{\mathbb {R}^N}|u|^2\textrm{d}x=a^2&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mtext>d</mtext> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In the Sobolev critical case <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1233_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="69" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p=2\cdot 2^*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>·</mo> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the energy functional has no critical point. As for <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1233_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-supercritical case <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1233_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="128" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p \in (4+\frac{4}{N},2\cdot 2^*)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mn>4</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>·</mo> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>: on the one hand, taking into account Pohozaev manifold and perturbation method, we obtain the existence of ground state normalized solutions for the non-radial case; on the other hand, we get the existence of infinitely many normalized solutions in <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1233_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H^1_r(\mathbb {R}^N)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Moreover, our results cover several relevant existing results. And in the end, we get the asymptotic properties of energy as <i>a</i> tends to <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1233_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="33" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(+\infty \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>∞</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <i>a</i> tends to <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11784_2025_1233_Article_IEq12.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0^+\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mn>0</mn> <mo>+</mo> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Ground state and multiple normalized solutions of quasilinear Schrödinger equations in the \(L^2\)-supercritical case and the Sobolev critical case

  • Qiang Gao,
  • Xiaoyan Zhang

摘要

This paper is devoted to studying the existence of normalized solutions for the following quasilinear Schrödinger equation \(\begin{aligned} \begin{aligned} -\Delta u-u\Delta u^2 +\lambda u=|u|^{p-2}u \quad \textrm{in}\ \mathbb {R}^{N}, N=3,4 \end{aligned} \end{aligned}\) - Δ u - u Δ u 2 + λ u = | u | p - 2 u in R N , N = 3 , 4 where \(\lambda \) λ appears as a Lagrange multiplier and \(p \in (4+\frac{4}{N},2\cdot 2^*]\) p ( 4 + 4 N , 2 · 2 ] . The solutions correspond to critical points of the energy functional subject to the \(L^2\) L 2 -norm constraint \(\int _{\mathbb {R}^N}|u|^2\textrm{d}x=a^2>0\) R N | u | 2 d x = a 2 > 0 . In the Sobolev critical case \(p=2\cdot 2^*\) p = 2 · 2 , the energy functional has no critical point. As for \(L^2\) L 2 -supercritical case \(p \in (4+\frac{4}{N},2\cdot 2^*)\) p ( 4 + 4 N , 2 · 2 ) : on the one hand, taking into account Pohozaev manifold and perturbation method, we obtain the existence of ground state normalized solutions for the non-radial case; on the other hand, we get the existence of infinitely many normalized solutions in \(H^1_r(\mathbb {R}^N)\) H r 1 ( R N ) . Moreover, our results cover several relevant existing results. And in the end, we get the asymptotic properties of energy as a tends to \(+\infty \) + and a tends to \(0^+\) 0 + .