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<p>Elemental mercury (Hg<sup>0</sup>) in coal-fired and metallurgical flue gases remains a critical concern and technical challenge in air pollution control. In this study, FeCl<sub>3</sub>-loaded activated carbon (AC) catalysts were prepared from walnut shells via chemical activation and calcination at 700 °C (Fe-1/AC) and 800 °C (Fe-2/AC) to investigate the removal of Hg<sup>0</sup>. Within a wide temperature range of 50–400 °C, Fe-1/AC achieved a Hg<sup>0</sup> removal efficiency exceeding 95%. Characterization results indicate that the lower calcination temperature yielded Fe-1/AC with smaller Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles, improved dispersion, a preserved microporous structure, and abundant surface chloride ions and defect oxygen species, all of which contributed to its effective Hg<sup>0</sup> removal performance resulting from coupled adsorption and oxidation processes. However, the higher calcination temperature led to pore collapse and Fe agglomeration in Fe-2/AC, thereby reducing its efficiency. These findings highlight the crucial role of temperature-controlled synthesis strategies in optimizing the pore structure, metal dispersion, and surface chemistry of AC for efficient mercury capture, laying the foundation for the design of high-performance environmental remediation materials.</p>

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Insights into the size effect of Fe3O4 in Fe/AC for Hg0 removal and the corresponding mechanism

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月16日

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  • Jiawen Tan,
  • Yuan Qin,
  • Jiayi Piao,
  • Zhao Li,
  • Fei Wang,
  • Ping Ning,
  • Kai Li,
  • Yixing Ma,
  • Xin Sun

摘要

Elemental mercury (Hg0) in coal-fired and metallurgical flue gases remains a critical concern and technical challenge in air pollution control. In this study, FeCl3-loaded activated carbon (AC) catalysts were prepared from walnut shells via chemical activation and calcination at 700 °C (Fe-1/AC) and 800 °C (Fe-2/AC) to investigate the removal of Hg0. Within a wide temperature range of 50–400 °C, Fe-1/AC achieved a Hg0 removal efficiency exceeding 95%. Characterization results indicate that the lower calcination temperature yielded Fe-1/AC with smaller Fe3O4 nanoparticles, improved dispersion, a preserved microporous structure, and abundant surface chloride ions and defect oxygen species, all of which contributed to its effective Hg0 removal performance resulting from coupled adsorption and oxidation processes. However, the higher calcination temperature led to pore collapse and Fe agglomeration in Fe-2/AC, thereby reducing its efficiency. These findings highlight the crucial role of temperature-controlled synthesis strategies in optimizing the pore structure, metal dispersion, and surface chemistry of AC for efficient mercury capture, laying the foundation for the design of high-performance environmental remediation materials.