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<p>Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) and subsequent particle growth (new particle growth, NPG) are key processes controlling atmospheric aerosol populations. The growth rate of newly formed clusters determines whether they can reach tens to hundreds of nanometers, thereby influencing climate and regional air quality. This review synthesizes current understanding of NPG mechanisms, measurements, and environmental impacts. Condensational growth driven by a complex mixture of low-volatility species, including sulfuric acid, ammonia, amines, nitric acid, iodine oxoacids, and oxidized organic molecules (OOMs) from biogenic and anthropogenic precursors, represents the dominant growth pathway, while intra- and intermodal coagulation additionally contributes to apparent growth rates. In recent years, extensive quantitative studies have been conducted globally regarding the elevation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and particulate matter mass concentration following NPG, forming a preliminary statistical understanding. However, long-term observational sites remain scarce, which is difficult to meet the needs of model validation. Despite substantial progress, major uncertainties remain in quantifying growth pathways and their interactions, underscoring the need for integrated observational and modeling approaches to better constrain NPG impacts on air quality and climate.</p>

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The current understanding of atmospheric new particle growth

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月15日

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  • Dongjie Shang,
  • Min Hu,
  • Jiliang Guo,
  • Xiao Liu,
  • Zeyu Feng,
  • Haoning Chang,
  • Song Guo,
  • Jianfei Peng,
  • Zhijun Wu,
  • Alfred Wiedensohler

摘要

Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) and subsequent particle growth (new particle growth, NPG) are key processes controlling atmospheric aerosol populations. The growth rate of newly formed clusters determines whether they can reach tens to hundreds of nanometers, thereby influencing climate and regional air quality. This review synthesizes current understanding of NPG mechanisms, measurements, and environmental impacts. Condensational growth driven by a complex mixture of low-volatility species, including sulfuric acid, ammonia, amines, nitric acid, iodine oxoacids, and oxidized organic molecules (OOMs) from biogenic and anthropogenic precursors, represents the dominant growth pathway, while intra- and intermodal coagulation additionally contributes to apparent growth rates. In recent years, extensive quantitative studies have been conducted globally regarding the elevation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and particulate matter mass concentration following NPG, forming a preliminary statistical understanding. However, long-term observational sites remain scarce, which is difficult to meet the needs of model validation. Despite substantial progress, major uncertainties remain in quantifying growth pathways and their interactions, underscoring the need for integrated observational and modeling approaches to better constrain NPG impacts on air quality and climate.