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<p>Remediation of sedimentary antimony (Sb) in lakes is highly challenging due to its strong sensitivity to alterations in the sediment microenvironment caused by climate changes and anthropogenic activities. This study monitored Sb dynamics at the sediment-water interface through high-resolution sampling. The feasibility of using Lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) and <i>Vallisneria spiralis</i> (<i>V. spiralis</i>) for remediating sedimentary Sb was assessed, and the dual mechanisms underlying their remediation effects were elucidated. The results showed that both LMB and <i>V. spiralis</i> successfully inhibited the conversion of sedimentary Sb to the soluble state individually, while their combination was the most effective, with the highest reduction of 60.21%. Specifically, LMB reduced soluble Sb in sediments through electrostatic adsorption of bentonite and inner-sphere complexation of La<sup>3+</sup> with Sb. <i>V. spiralis</i> primarily enhanced the transformation of mobile Sb into more stable forms to control Sb release. Compared to individual treatments, the combined use of LMB and <i>V. spiralis</i> produced an additive effect, promoting the adsorption of Sb by more in-situ formed Fe(III)/Mn(IV) (hydr)oxides. This further drove ligand exchange and intra-sphere complexation between La<sup>3+</sup> and Sb, thereby enhancing the adsorption capacity for Sb. The results emphasize the potential of LMB and <i>V. spiralis</i> for Sb passivation in sediments and provide implications for the control of similar contaminants in aquatic environments.</p>

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Synergistic effect of lanthanum-modified bentonite and Vallisneria spiralis on antimony immobilization in aquatic environments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月1日

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  • Yichun Shao,
  • Wenming Yan,
  • Minjuan Li,
  • Xiang Chen,
  • Xiangyu He,
  • Qi Li,
  • Jingwei Wu,
  • Gaoxiang Li,
  • Junliang Jin,
  • Tingfeng Wu

摘要

Remediation of sedimentary antimony (Sb) in lakes is highly challenging due to its strong sensitivity to alterations in the sediment microenvironment caused by climate changes and anthropogenic activities. This study monitored Sb dynamics at the sediment-water interface through high-resolution sampling. The feasibility of using Lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) and Vallisneria spiralis (V. spiralis) for remediating sedimentary Sb was assessed, and the dual mechanisms underlying their remediation effects were elucidated. The results showed that both LMB and V. spiralis successfully inhibited the conversion of sedimentary Sb to the soluble state individually, while their combination was the most effective, with the highest reduction of 60.21%. Specifically, LMB reduced soluble Sb in sediments through electrostatic adsorption of bentonite and inner-sphere complexation of La3+ with Sb. V. spiralis primarily enhanced the transformation of mobile Sb into more stable forms to control Sb release. Compared to individual treatments, the combined use of LMB and V. spiralis produced an additive effect, promoting the adsorption of Sb by more in-situ formed Fe(III)/Mn(IV) (hydr)oxides. This further drove ligand exchange and intra-sphere complexation between La3+ and Sb, thereby enhancing the adsorption capacity for Sb. The results emphasize the potential of LMB and V. spiralis for Sb passivation in sediments and provide implications for the control of similar contaminants in aquatic environments.