Unveiling the complexities of microbiologically induced corrosion: mechanisms, detection techniques, and mitigation strategies

Microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC) is a complex and destructive phenomenon that occurs in various sectors, involving the interaction between microorganisms and metal surfaces, resulting in accelerated corrosion rates. This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of MIC, encompassing microbial species involved, their metabolic activities, and influential environmental factors driving the corrosion process. The mechanisms of MIC, both in the presence and absence of oxygen, are explored, along with the diverse effects of microbes on different types of corrosion and their economic impacts. Assessment and monitoring techniques, including traditional and advanced methods such as microbiological and electrochemical methods, are discussed. Furthermore, it examines preventive and control measures, such as the use of biocides and their mechanisms of action. Strategies to enhance the performance of these control measures and the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents during disinfection processes, including surfactants and chelators, are discussed. Additionally, the review highlights enzymatic remediation as a sustainable alternative approach, providing detailed examples. The challenges in mitigating MIC and potential future developments and collaborative opportunities are also addressed. This systematic review is a valuable resource for researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers seeking a comprehensive understanding of the complex phenomenon of MIC and effective strategies for its management.