<p>Geothermal resources are an important clean energy source under the current “dual carbon” strategy. Geothermal reservoirs are primarily found in deep geological layers and complex rock formations, making precise exploration, efficient development, and long-term monitoring of geothermal resources common technical challenges facing the geothermal industry. Traditional single geophysical methods have inherent limitations such as strong multiple solutions and single information dimensions, making it difficult to accurately characterize geothermal reservoirs. To address this issue, acoustic-electrical joint technology, as a multi-physical field collaborative detection and interpretation method, uses data sharing, joint inversion, and complementary interpretation to address the shortcomings of single methods to some extent. This paper systematically elucidates the physical principles and coupling mechanisms of acoustic-electrical joint technology. By detailing its application across the three stages of geothermal resource exploration, development, and monitoring, the paper comprehensively analyzes the current technical achievements and challenges of this technology.</p>