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<p>Deep mining operations are increasingly affected by severe thermal hazards as mining depths exceed 1000 m, resulting in high-temperature and high-humidity underground environments. To address this challenge, this study proposes an integrated ground-based cooling system driven by the large temperature difference between surface and underground. The system combines centralized surface refrigeration, high-low pressure conversion for chilled-water transport, and seasonal waste heat recovery into a unified thermal management framework. An exergy-based model is developed to evaluate system performance and compare it with conventional local cooling systems. Results show that the proposed system achieves a refrigeration exergy efficiency of 46.8%, representing an improvement of 38.2 percentage points over conventional systems (8.6%). The system provides 2000–5000 kW of underground cooling capacity and 1500–3000 kW of recoverable surface heating capacity. Cooling coefficients of performance range from 4.2 to 5.8, while heating COP values reach 4.5–4.8. Underground working-face air temperatures are maintained within 295–299 K, significantly improving thermal conditions. The results demonstrate that the proposed integrated system offers substantial advantages in energy efficiency, waste heat utilization, and economic performance, providing an effective and scalable solution for thermal hazard control in deep mining operations.</p>

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Research on a Deep Mine Cooling and Waste Heat Recovery System Driven by Large Temperature Differences between Surface and Underground

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月14日

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  • Xiao-yan Zhu,
  • Yu-cheng Huang,
  • Meng Sun

摘要

Deep mining operations are increasingly affected by severe thermal hazards as mining depths exceed 1000 m, resulting in high-temperature and high-humidity underground environments. To address this challenge, this study proposes an integrated ground-based cooling system driven by the large temperature difference between surface and underground. The system combines centralized surface refrigeration, high-low pressure conversion for chilled-water transport, and seasonal waste heat recovery into a unified thermal management framework. An exergy-based model is developed to evaluate system performance and compare it with conventional local cooling systems. Results show that the proposed system achieves a refrigeration exergy efficiency of 46.8%, representing an improvement of 38.2 percentage points over conventional systems (8.6%). The system provides 2000–5000 kW of underground cooling capacity and 1500–3000 kW of recoverable surface heating capacity. Cooling coefficients of performance range from 4.2 to 5.8, while heating COP values reach 4.5–4.8. Underground working-face air temperatures are maintained within 295–299 K, significantly improving thermal conditions. The results demonstrate that the proposed integrated system offers substantial advantages in energy efficiency, waste heat utilization, and economic performance, providing an effective and scalable solution for thermal hazard control in deep mining operations.