<p>The advance detection of adverse geological conditions ahead of the tunnel face plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety of TBM construction. However, in the research on improving the detection accuracy and reliability of adverse geology in TBM construction scenarios, there is still a lack of effective solutions. Based on the study of the geological prediction technology using the TBM rock-breaking source HSP method, a real-time signal quality control algorithm is proposed that relies on three parameters: amplitude, energy, and amplitude-energy ratio, aiming to enhance the quality of field observation data. Additionally, an interactive iterative analysis technique for real-time geological prediction results is put forward, which focuses on the spatial location of anomalies ahead of the cutter head by evaluating the intensity of abnormal reflections and spectral amplitudes. This technique reduces false anomalies and improves accuracy. The asymptotic geological “transparency” of the medium- to long-range area ahead of the tunnel face is achieved during the real-time tunneling process of the TBM. This technology has been applied in an open-type TBM construction tunnel on a plateau and a double-shield tunnel of a pipeline project, successfully identifying adverse geological conditions such as joint-intensive zones and fractured zones ahead of the tunnel face. It has promoted the efficient construction of TBM and provided new ideas for solving engineering problems under similar geological conditions.</p>