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<p>As a highly promising wellbore electromagnetic technology, the surface-to-borehole electromagnetic method (SBEM) can be effectively employed for exploring residual oil and efficiently monitoring oil and gas extraction. Research focuses on the efficient 3D forward modeling of SBEM, characterized by multisource and multifrequency excitations on the surface and observations in specific wellbore regions. In this work, we highlighted the observation approach of SBEM which includes the surface dipolar and linear transmiter sources and measurements in the borehole. We introduced a 3D volume integral equation simulation based on a bi-conjugate gradient stabilized fast Fourier transform. This modeling method applies the Gaussian filtering algorithm to calculate the primary field response in layered media and solve the numerical simulation equations for the Green’s function in irregular layered background media. Furthermore, an incomplete fast Fourier transform algorithm was proposed to compute the dyadic Green’s function in irregular layered background media. An efficient 3D forward modeling algorithm for multisource and multifrequency SBEM responses was also developed. The correctness and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm were verified by constructing igneous rock-type oilfield models and oilfield waterflooding reservoir models.</p>

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Efficient 3D Surface-to-Borehole Electromagnetic Modeling Using an Incomplete Fast Fourier Transform Algorithm

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月2日

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  • Yi-ze Zhao,
  • Jing-he Li,
  • Guo Zhao,
  • Zhan-xiang He,
  • Qi Ou,
  • Zu-chen Huang

摘要

As a highly promising wellbore electromagnetic technology, the surface-to-borehole electromagnetic method (SBEM) can be effectively employed for exploring residual oil and efficiently monitoring oil and gas extraction. Research focuses on the efficient 3D forward modeling of SBEM, characterized by multisource and multifrequency excitations on the surface and observations in specific wellbore regions. In this work, we highlighted the observation approach of SBEM which includes the surface dipolar and linear transmiter sources and measurements in the borehole. We introduced a 3D volume integral equation simulation based on a bi-conjugate gradient stabilized fast Fourier transform. This modeling method applies the Gaussian filtering algorithm to calculate the primary field response in layered media and solve the numerical simulation equations for the Green’s function in irregular layered background media. Furthermore, an incomplete fast Fourier transform algorithm was proposed to compute the dyadic Green’s function in irregular layered background media. An efficient 3D forward modeling algorithm for multisource and multifrequency SBEM responses was also developed. The correctness and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm were verified by constructing igneous rock-type oilfield models and oilfield waterflooding reservoir models.