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Purpose <p>Depression is prevalent among colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. Although various physical activity intensities are differentially associated with depressive symptoms, the underlying mediator and moderator involving interoception and mindfulness, remain unclear. This study aims to examine whether interoceptive accuracy differentially mediates the relationship between various physical activity intensities and depressive symptoms and whether mindfulness moderates these pathways.</p> Methods <p>In this multicenter cross-sectional study, 395 CRC survivors completed validated questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms, physical activity&#xa0;participation, interoceptive accuracy, and mindfulness. Mediation and moderated mediation analyses via PROCESS version 4.1 for SPSS tested whether interoceptive accuracy mediated associations between light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (LPA <i>vs.</i> MVPA) and depressive symptoms, and whether mindfulness moderated these pathways.</p> Results <p>Both LPA and MVPA are negatively associated with depressive symptoms (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Interoceptive accuracy significantly mediated these associations, accounting for 49.09% of the total effect for LPA and 20.56% for MVPA. Mindfulness moderated the LPA-interoceptive accuracy (<i>B</i> = -0.004, <i>p</i> = 0.031), interoceptive accuracy-depression (<i>B</i> = -0.022, <i>p</i> = 0.004), and MVPA-depression pathways (<i>B</i> = -0.001, <i>p</i> = 0.034), suggesting differential, intensity-dependent associations.</p> Conclusions <p>LPA showed negative associations with depressive symptoms, with interoceptive accuracy fully mediating this association. In contrast, MVPA demonstrated both direct and indirect associations with depressive symptoms, partially mediated by interoceptive accuracy. Mindfulness strengthened these relationships through complementary and synergistic moderation, highlighting the dynamic interaction between bodily awareness and physical activity in psychological recovery.</p> Implications for Cancer Survivors <p>Tailoring gentle, mindful movement to enhance interoception may offer a feasible, integrative rehabilitation strategy to reduce depression among CRC survivors.</p>

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Physical activity intensities and depression in colorectal cancer: interoceptive accuracy as a mediator and mindfulness as a moderator

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月10日

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  • Muhammad Suliman,
  • Hongqun Liu,
  • Xinyi Liu,
  • Fares Barakat,
  • Wei Yao,
  • Ping Li,
  • Meiling Qi

摘要

Purpose

Depression is prevalent among colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. Although various physical activity intensities are differentially associated with depressive symptoms, the underlying mediator and moderator involving interoception and mindfulness, remain unclear. This study aims to examine whether interoceptive accuracy differentially mediates the relationship between various physical activity intensities and depressive symptoms and whether mindfulness moderates these pathways.

Methods

In this multicenter cross-sectional study, 395 CRC survivors completed validated questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms, physical activity participation, interoceptive accuracy, and mindfulness. Mediation and moderated mediation analyses via PROCESS version 4.1 for SPSS tested whether interoceptive accuracy mediated associations between light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (LPA vs. MVPA) and depressive symptoms, and whether mindfulness moderated these pathways.

Results

Both LPA and MVPA are negatively associated with depressive symptoms (p < 0.001). Interoceptive accuracy significantly mediated these associations, accounting for 49.09% of the total effect for LPA and 20.56% for MVPA. Mindfulness moderated the LPA-interoceptive accuracy (B = -0.004, p = 0.031), interoceptive accuracy-depression (B = -0.022, p = 0.004), and MVPA-depression pathways (B = -0.001, p = 0.034), suggesting differential, intensity-dependent associations.

Conclusions

LPA showed negative associations with depressive symptoms, with interoceptive accuracy fully mediating this association. In contrast, MVPA demonstrated both direct and indirect associations with depressive symptoms, partially mediated by interoceptive accuracy. Mindfulness strengthened these relationships through complementary and synergistic moderation, highlighting the dynamic interaction between bodily awareness and physical activity in psychological recovery.

Implications for Cancer Survivors

Tailoring gentle, mindful movement to enhance interoception may offer a feasible, integrative rehabilitation strategy to reduce depression among CRC survivors.