<p>An important method of diagnosing diseases in medicine is the examination of blood samples in which the blood cells in the blood sample are examined. To address the challenges of detecting small and variable blood cells in real-time, we introduce a small-target Swin Transformer YOLOv5s model named SST-YOLOv5s in this study. Based on YOLOv5s, the small object detection layer is added to enhance the feature extraction capability of YOLOv5s and improve the detection of small targets in the dataset. In this way, the C3 module is replaced by the Swin Transformer Blocks, which enhances the extraction of global information from the model as well as speeds up the computation of the model. Subsequently, considering the need for the testing speed of the model, Simplify Optimal Transport Assignment is used in this research to reduce the testing time of the model greatly. The experimental results demonstrate that compared with the baseline model of YOLOv5s, the SST-YOLOv5s model achieves a mAP0.5 of 93.0%, a mAP0.5:0.95 of 60.4%, and a Latency of 0.6. To the best of our knowledge, SST-YOLOv5s is the first YOLOv5s to add Swin Transformer and SimOTA to a small-target detection head and use it to detect cells and further proves that SST-YOLOv5s can be better applied in practical medical applications.</p>

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SST-YOLOv5s: advancing real-time blood cell object detection through multi-headed attention mechanism

  • Mingyu Zhang,
  • Jiaqing Chen

摘要

An important method of diagnosing diseases in medicine is the examination of blood samples in which the blood cells in the blood sample are examined. To address the challenges of detecting small and variable blood cells in real-time, we introduce a small-target Swin Transformer YOLOv5s model named SST-YOLOv5s in this study. Based on YOLOv5s, the small object detection layer is added to enhance the feature extraction capability of YOLOv5s and improve the detection of small targets in the dataset. In this way, the C3 module is replaced by the Swin Transformer Blocks, which enhances the extraction of global information from the model as well as speeds up the computation of the model. Subsequently, considering the need for the testing speed of the model, Simplify Optimal Transport Assignment is used in this research to reduce the testing time of the model greatly. The experimental results demonstrate that compared with the baseline model of YOLOv5s, the SST-YOLOv5s model achieves a mAP0.5 of 93.0%, a mAP0.5:0.95 of 60.4%, and a Latency of 0.6. To the best of our knowledge, SST-YOLOv5s is the first YOLOv5s to add Swin Transformer and SimOTA to a small-target detection head and use it to detect cells and further proves that SST-YOLOv5s can be better applied in practical medical applications.