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<p>Northwest China (NWC) and Indus Valley (IV) are depicted as significant ancient regions during the later Neolithic–Bronze Age (4th–1st Millennium BC) based on painted pottery. It has been observed that both Chinese and Indus Valley civilizations had strong trade systems through which their artifacts were traded to other ancient societies. In this regard, there were trade routes throughout NWC, specifically Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang provinces during prehistoric times. In IV, the important urban settlements, such as Harappa (type site), Ganweriwala, Mohenjo-Daro, Dholavira, Rakhigarhi, Kalibangan, Lothal, and others are also important regarding trade exchange with other different cultures and settlements. The recovered ancient pottery from the important archaeological sites in NWC and IV was investigated to find clues about intercultural communication between NWC and IV based on the typology of pottery. In this regard, shapes, patterns, and motifs of the selected 1000 pottery objects were examined in this research, as it is obvious that pottery has been considered an authentic resource to know the lifestyle of the ancient people. According to our findings, the evidence suggests possible interaction between NWC and IV based on comparative typological analysis during the later Neolithic–Bronze Age (4th–1st Millennium BC) as well. There are similarities in pottery based on shapes, designs, and motifs in NWC and IV during the mentioned time. According to the findings, the patterns used on the surface of pottery in NWC and archaeological sites of IV were almost similar too.</p>

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Archaeological Cultural Relation Between Northwest China and Indus Valley During the Later Neolithic–Bronze Age (4th–1st Millennium BC) Based on Typology of Pottery

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月2日

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  • Muhammad Azam Sameer,
  • Yuzhang Yang,
  • Yunli Shi,
  • Juzhong Zhang

摘要

Northwest China (NWC) and Indus Valley (IV) are depicted as significant ancient regions during the later Neolithic–Bronze Age (4th–1st Millennium BC) based on painted pottery. It has been observed that both Chinese and Indus Valley civilizations had strong trade systems through which their artifacts were traded to other ancient societies. In this regard, there were trade routes throughout NWC, specifically Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang provinces during prehistoric times. In IV, the important urban settlements, such as Harappa (type site), Ganweriwala, Mohenjo-Daro, Dholavira, Rakhigarhi, Kalibangan, Lothal, and others are also important regarding trade exchange with other different cultures and settlements. The recovered ancient pottery from the important archaeological sites in NWC and IV was investigated to find clues about intercultural communication between NWC and IV based on the typology of pottery. In this regard, shapes, patterns, and motifs of the selected 1000 pottery objects were examined in this research, as it is obvious that pottery has been considered an authentic resource to know the lifestyle of the ancient people. According to our findings, the evidence suggests possible interaction between NWC and IV based on comparative typological analysis during the later Neolithic–Bronze Age (4th–1st Millennium BC) as well. There are similarities in pottery based on shapes, designs, and motifs in NWC and IV during the mentioned time. According to the findings, the patterns used on the surface of pottery in NWC and archaeological sites of IV were almost similar too.