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<p>This study was conducted in the Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh, India, from 2020 to 2024, to assess the nesting and hatching success of the yellow-wattled lapwing, to identify the major causes of nest and egg failure, and to determine the key predators. Nesting pairs were recorded using the line transect method, while nesting and hatching success were estimated using the Mayfield method. The first nest with an egg ranged from 14 March to 30 April, while the last ranged from 12 to 29 May. April had the highest egg-laying frequency, whereas May had the lowest. A total of 189 nests were recorded, with most found in medium-sized colonies (4–5 nests). The average clutch size was 3.43 ± 0.61, with the mean incubation period being 28.76 ± 0.92&#xa0;days, and the median hatching ranged from 20 May to 2 June, both synchronously and asynchronously. Nesting and hatching success varied significantly across habitats and years. The highest daily survival rate, along with nesting and hatching success, was recorded in uncultivated habitats, while the lowest values were observed in river habitats. Major causes of nest and egg failure included predation and agricultural activities. Furthermore, the identified predators comprised reptiles, mammals, and avian predators. Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) analysis revealed that predation risk was primarily influenced by nesting habitat, nesting colony sizes, clutch size, distance to the nearest water bodies, distance to the nearest nest, distance to trees or perches, predator abundance and the timing of egg laying.</p>

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Breeding ecology of yellow-wattled lapwing, Vanellus malabaricus in Northern India: insights into nesting and hatching success

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Prateek,
  • Himanshu Mishra,
  • Vikas Kumar,
  • Ashish Kumar

摘要

This study was conducted in the Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh, India, from 2020 to 2024, to assess the nesting and hatching success of the yellow-wattled lapwing, to identify the major causes of nest and egg failure, and to determine the key predators. Nesting pairs were recorded using the line transect method, while nesting and hatching success were estimated using the Mayfield method. The first nest with an egg ranged from 14 March to 30 April, while the last ranged from 12 to 29 May. April had the highest egg-laying frequency, whereas May had the lowest. A total of 189 nests were recorded, with most found in medium-sized colonies (4–5 nests). The average clutch size was 3.43 ± 0.61, with the mean incubation period being 28.76 ± 0.92 days, and the median hatching ranged from 20 May to 2 June, both synchronously and asynchronously. Nesting and hatching success varied significantly across habitats and years. The highest daily survival rate, along with nesting and hatching success, was recorded in uncultivated habitats, while the lowest values were observed in river habitats. Major causes of nest and egg failure included predation and agricultural activities. Furthermore, the identified predators comprised reptiles, mammals, and avian predators. Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) analysis revealed that predation risk was primarily influenced by nesting habitat, nesting colony sizes, clutch size, distance to the nearest water bodies, distance to the nearest nest, distance to trees or perches, predator abundance and the timing of egg laying.