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<p>Rodents exhibit high adaptability to diverse environmental conditions through varied life strategies. This study explored the relationship between gut microbiota diversity and ecological factors in subterranean (<i>Nannospalax xanthodon</i>, 2n = 60; 2n = 52) and surface-dwelling rodents (<i>Mus musculus</i>, <i>Rattus rattus</i>) using 16S rRNA sequencing and FAPROTAX based functional prediction. The highest alpha diversity occurred in the omnivorous <i>M. musculus</i>, consistent with its flexible feeding habits, while <i>R. rattus</i> displayed low diversity dominated by <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Paeniclostridium</i>, reflecting an anthropogenic diet. The 2n = 60 chromosomal form of <i>N. xanthodon</i>, with a fiber-rich diet, harbored short-chain fatty acid producing taxa such as <i>Ruminococcus</i> and <i>Anaerostipes</i>, whereas the 2n = 52 form, inhabiting more humid microclimates, showed compositional shifts in favor of anaerobic genera. Bray–Curtis analysis showed higher microbial similarity between <i>M. musculus</i> and <i>N. xanthodon</i> 2n = 60 (0.48) than between the two <i>N. xanthodon</i> chromosomal forms (0.49). Predicted metabolic profiles exhibited habitat associated variation, with anaerobic and redox-related functions predominating in subterranean rodents, whereas oxidative and detoxification related processes were more prominent in surface-dwelling rodents. Overall, the results demonstrate that gut community structure and predicted functionality are shaped by complex interactions among host genetics, diet, and environmental conditions.</p>

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Shared patterns in gut microbiota composition independent of species identity in subterranean and surface-dwelling rodents

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月14日

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  • Tuba Yağcı Gurbanov,
  • Rafig Gurbanov,
  • Burcu Tekin

摘要

Rodents exhibit high adaptability to diverse environmental conditions through varied life strategies. This study explored the relationship between gut microbiota diversity and ecological factors in subterranean (Nannospalax xanthodon, 2n = 60; 2n = 52) and surface-dwelling rodents (Mus musculus, Rattus rattus) using 16S rRNA sequencing and FAPROTAX based functional prediction. The highest alpha diversity occurred in the omnivorous M. musculus, consistent with its flexible feeding habits, while R. rattus displayed low diversity dominated by Lactobacillus and Paeniclostridium, reflecting an anthropogenic diet. The 2n = 60 chromosomal form of N. xanthodon, with a fiber-rich diet, harbored short-chain fatty acid producing taxa such as Ruminococcus and Anaerostipes, whereas the 2n = 52 form, inhabiting more humid microclimates, showed compositional shifts in favor of anaerobic genera. Bray–Curtis analysis showed higher microbial similarity between M. musculus and N. xanthodon 2n = 60 (0.48) than between the two N. xanthodon chromosomal forms (0.49). Predicted metabolic profiles exhibited habitat associated variation, with anaerobic and redox-related functions predominating in subterranean rodents, whereas oxidative and detoxification related processes were more prominent in surface-dwelling rodents. Overall, the results demonstrate that gut community structure and predicted functionality are shaped by complex interactions among host genetics, diet, and environmental conditions.