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<p>Magnesium (Mg<sup>2</sup>⁺) transport under concurrent drought and salinity remains a major knowledge gap in wheat. We integrated cross-species and wheat-focused phylogenomics with protein architecture, promoter analysis, subcellular targeting, functional annotation, interaction networks, and organ-resolved qRT-PCR to define the <i>TaMGT</i>/<i>MRS2</i> family. A multi-species tree resolved seven clades with grass-specific expansions; a wheat-only tree recovered one recently expanded lineage and two conserved lineages, indicating broad subfamily coverage with lineage-specific retention. Motif and exon–intron patterns support a conserved CorA/<i>MRS2</i> transport core with regulatory variation. Promoter scans revealed dense light, hormone, and stress cis-modules, predicting environmental integration. Predicted localization partitions the family into plasma-membrane (uptake/vascular loading), chloroplast (photosynthetic demand), and vacuole–ER (buffering/remobilization) modules. The expression analysis of <i>TaMGT</i> genes shows coordinated but differential induction under combined drought and salinity stress, with core members (<i>TaMGT5</i>, <i>TaMGT6</i>, <i>TaMGT7</i>, <i>TaMGT13</i>) broadly activated and others displaying tissue-specific responses, underscoring their roles in Mg<sup>2</sup>⁺ homeostasis while cautioning that double-stress specificity remains unverified without single-stress comparisons.</p>

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Phylogenomics and expression profiling of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) magnesium transporters under dual drought and salinity stress conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Samar G. Thabet,
  • Fatmah Ahmed Safhi,
  • Amr Elkelish,
  • Ahmad M. Alqudah

摘要

Magnesium (Mg2⁺) transport under concurrent drought and salinity remains a major knowledge gap in wheat. We integrated cross-species and wheat-focused phylogenomics with protein architecture, promoter analysis, subcellular targeting, functional annotation, interaction networks, and organ-resolved qRT-PCR to define the TaMGT/MRS2 family. A multi-species tree resolved seven clades with grass-specific expansions; a wheat-only tree recovered one recently expanded lineage and two conserved lineages, indicating broad subfamily coverage with lineage-specific retention. Motif and exon–intron patterns support a conserved CorA/MRS2 transport core with regulatory variation. Promoter scans revealed dense light, hormone, and stress cis-modules, predicting environmental integration. Predicted localization partitions the family into plasma-membrane (uptake/vascular loading), chloroplast (photosynthetic demand), and vacuole–ER (buffering/remobilization) modules. The expression analysis of TaMGT genes shows coordinated but differential induction under combined drought and salinity stress, with core members (TaMGT5, TaMGT6, TaMGT7, TaMGT13) broadly activated and others displaying tissue-specific responses, underscoring their roles in Mg2⁺ homeostasis while cautioning that double-stress specificity remains unverified without single-stress comparisons.