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<p>Soil lead (Pb) contamination can affect the growth and medicinal quality of herbal plants. To evaluate the responses of <i>Rehmannia glutinosa</i> Libosch (<i>R. glutinosa</i>) to Pb exposure, a pot experiment was conducted using six soil Pb doses (0, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400&#xa0;mg Pb kg⁻<sup>1</sup> soil, with Pb supplied as Pb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>). Growth traits, leaf antioxidative enzymatic activities, proline content, Pb contents in roots and shoots, and the contents of catalpol and rehmannioside D in roots were determined. Low soil Pb doses of 50 and 100&#xa0;mg Pb kg⁻<sup>1</sup> soil were associated with increased leaf and root biomass, whereas higher Pb doses reduced plant growth. Increasing soil Pb doses altered the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), as well as proline accumulation. Under the 400&#xa0;mg Pb kg<sup>-1</sup> soil treatment, POD and CAT activities remained lower than those in the control throughout the growth period. Root Pb contents increased with increasing soil Pb doses, showing a 235.12% increase under the 400&#xa0;mg Pb kg⁻<sup>1</sup> soil treatment compared with the 50&#xa0;mg Pb kg⁻<sup>1</sup> soil treatment. Pb bioconcentration factors varied across soil Pb doses and growth stages, indicating dose- and stage-dependent Pb accumulation patterns in <i>R. glutinosa</i>. At harvest, catalpol content reached its maximum under the 200&#xa0;mg Pb kg⁻<sup>1</sup> soil treatment, which was 54.43% higher than that in the control, and exhibited a quadratic relationship with root Pb content. Rehmannioside D content was highest under the 50&#xa0;mg Pb kg⁻<sup>1</sup> soil treatment and was significantly negatively correlated with Pb content in roots. Changes in SOD, POD, and CAT activities and proline accumulation were observed under Pb exposure, indicating alterations in antioxidative and osmotic adjustment processes in response to Pb stress. Lower root Pb content corresponded to higher rehmannioside D accumulation, whereas excessive Pb accumulation was associated with reduced contents of both catalpol and rehmannioside D. This study provides evidence for the growth, antioxidative enzymatic, osmotic adjustment, Pb accumulation, and bioactive constituent responses of <i>R. glutinosa</i> to different soil Pb doses, and offers useful information for its safe cultivation and medicinal quality control under Pb-contaminated conditions.</p>

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Effect of soil lead exposure on growth, antioxidative enzymatic activities and bioactive constituent accumulation in Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Hongrui Zhang,
  • Jiaying Chen,
  • Yanqiu Qiu,
  • Dandan Yang,
  • Jing Zhang

摘要

Soil lead (Pb) contamination can affect the growth and medicinal quality of herbal plants. To evaluate the responses of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch (R. glutinosa) to Pb exposure, a pot experiment was conducted using six soil Pb doses (0, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg Pb kg⁻1 soil, with Pb supplied as Pb(NO3)2). Growth traits, leaf antioxidative enzymatic activities, proline content, Pb contents in roots and shoots, and the contents of catalpol and rehmannioside D in roots were determined. Low soil Pb doses of 50 and 100 mg Pb kg⁻1 soil were associated with increased leaf and root biomass, whereas higher Pb doses reduced plant growth. Increasing soil Pb doses altered the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), as well as proline accumulation. Under the 400 mg Pb kg-1 soil treatment, POD and CAT activities remained lower than those in the control throughout the growth period. Root Pb contents increased with increasing soil Pb doses, showing a 235.12% increase under the 400 mg Pb kg⁻1 soil treatment compared with the 50 mg Pb kg⁻1 soil treatment. Pb bioconcentration factors varied across soil Pb doses and growth stages, indicating dose- and stage-dependent Pb accumulation patterns in R. glutinosa. At harvest, catalpol content reached its maximum under the 200 mg Pb kg⁻1 soil treatment, which was 54.43% higher than that in the control, and exhibited a quadratic relationship with root Pb content. Rehmannioside D content was highest under the 50 mg Pb kg⁻1 soil treatment and was significantly negatively correlated with Pb content in roots. Changes in SOD, POD, and CAT activities and proline accumulation were observed under Pb exposure, indicating alterations in antioxidative and osmotic adjustment processes in response to Pb stress. Lower root Pb content corresponded to higher rehmannioside D accumulation, whereas excessive Pb accumulation was associated with reduced contents of both catalpol and rehmannioside D. This study provides evidence for the growth, antioxidative enzymatic, osmotic adjustment, Pb accumulation, and bioactive constituent responses of R. glutinosa to different soil Pb doses, and offers useful information for its safe cultivation and medicinal quality control under Pb-contaminated conditions.