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<p>Allelopathy is widespread and significantly influences plant growth and development. Here, we aimed to explore the effects of poplar root aqueous extracts on tall fescue (<i>Festuca arundinacea</i> Schreb.) plants. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, using area–normalization, revealed distinct species–specific relative chemical abundance profiles: eight compounds were shared, while 18 and 13 unique compounds were identified in <i>P. tomentosa</i> and <i>P. euphratica</i>, respectively. Notably, 1,2-cyclohexanediol (26.51%) and 1,1-diethoxy-3-methyl-butane (17.71%) were the most abundant compounds detected in the <i>P. tomentosa</i> TC1521 extract, whereas salicyl alcohol (48.36%) accounted for the highest proportion in the <i>P. euphratica</i> extract. The aqueous root extracts were prepared and their effects on seed germination and seedling growth were assessed under sterile, hydroponic filter–paper conditions. The results showed that the responses were concentration–dependent. Germination was stimulated at a concentration of 10% but inhibited at 20–40%. In contrast, seedling growth parameters maintained positive responses throughout the concentration range (10–40%), despite a gradual decrease in effect magnitude. Overall, <i>P. euphratica</i> extract induced a higher sensitivity index in tall fescue than did <i>P. tomentosa</i> TC1521 extract. These findings, derived from short–term controlled laboratory bioassays, reveal species– and concentration–dependent allelopathic potential of poplar root extracts on grass growth in vitro, providing a chemical and physiological basis for informed species selection in vegetation design.</p>

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Effects of poplar root aqueous extracts on tall fescue plants growth

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Xiao Xu,
  • Xiaoyu Li,
  • Lei Wang,
  • Longfeng Gong,
  • Jichen Xu

摘要

Allelopathy is widespread and significantly influences plant growth and development. Here, we aimed to explore the effects of poplar root aqueous extracts on tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) plants. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, using area–normalization, revealed distinct species–specific relative chemical abundance profiles: eight compounds were shared, while 18 and 13 unique compounds were identified in P. tomentosa and P. euphratica, respectively. Notably, 1,2-cyclohexanediol (26.51%) and 1,1-diethoxy-3-methyl-butane (17.71%) were the most abundant compounds detected in the P. tomentosa TC1521 extract, whereas salicyl alcohol (48.36%) accounted for the highest proportion in the P. euphratica extract. The aqueous root extracts were prepared and their effects on seed germination and seedling growth were assessed under sterile, hydroponic filter–paper conditions. The results showed that the responses were concentration–dependent. Germination was stimulated at a concentration of 10% but inhibited at 20–40%. In contrast, seedling growth parameters maintained positive responses throughout the concentration range (10–40%), despite a gradual decrease in effect magnitude. Overall, P. euphratica extract induced a higher sensitivity index in tall fescue than did P. tomentosa TC1521 extract. These findings, derived from short–term controlled laboratory bioassays, reveal species– and concentration–dependent allelopathic potential of poplar root extracts on grass growth in vitro, providing a chemical and physiological basis for informed species selection in vegetation design.