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<p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of and phytohormones on secondary metabolites production, growth and physiological traits of two stevia genotypes under water stress. A split-plot factorial design with three replicates was employed across diverse cultivation sites (Varamin, Firuzabad, and Gorgan). The main plots consisted of irrigation treatments (severe stress and well-watered), whereas the subplots included foliar applications of Se (combination of sodium selenite and sodium selenate), Strigolactone (SGL), and Forchlorfenuron (FCF). Selenium (Se) and phytohormones can significantly increase the production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants, particularly under water stress conditions. Both Indian and Chinese stevia genotypes were evaluated under these conditions. Severe stress significantly reduced plant growth and yield at all locations. This was accompanied by an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. The highest peroxidase activity was observed in the Indian genotype under severe stress without foliar spraying at all the experimental sites. The application of SGL under well-watered conditions significantly boosted stevia leaf yield in the Indian genotype, about 68.9%, 132.2% and 140.5% in comparison with control across different regions. The combined application of Se, SGL, and FCF under drought stress conditions significantly enhanced the stevia leaf yield in the Indian genotype. The highest Steviol glycosides levels (SGs) were observed in the Indian genotype treated with SGL and Se under severe stress conditions at Varamin which increased about 51.2% and 53.8% compare with control, respectively. The Chinese genotype exhibited peak SGs levels at Firuzabad and Gorgan when treated with SGL under non-stress conditions, which increased about 111.6% and 139.1% compared with control, respectively. Soil and climatic factors exhibited contrasting correlations with leaf yield between Indian and Chinese genotypes, with altitude and precipitation showing opposite effects on yield for each genotype. Generally, the combined application of Se, SGL, and FCF effectively enhances stevia’s resilience to drought stress, while optimizing yield and secondary metabolite production across diverse cultivation sites.</p>

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Enhancing drought tolerance in stevia genotypes via selenium and phytohormone foliar sprays across diverse cultivation sites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Ali Ghaderi,
  • Mohammad Moghaddam,
  • Shahram Rezvan

摘要

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of and phytohormones on secondary metabolites production, growth and physiological traits of two stevia genotypes under water stress. A split-plot factorial design with three replicates was employed across diverse cultivation sites (Varamin, Firuzabad, and Gorgan). The main plots consisted of irrigation treatments (severe stress and well-watered), whereas the subplots included foliar applications of Se (combination of sodium selenite and sodium selenate), Strigolactone (SGL), and Forchlorfenuron (FCF). Selenium (Se) and phytohormones can significantly increase the production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants, particularly under water stress conditions. Both Indian and Chinese stevia genotypes were evaluated under these conditions. Severe stress significantly reduced plant growth and yield at all locations. This was accompanied by an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. The highest peroxidase activity was observed in the Indian genotype under severe stress without foliar spraying at all the experimental sites. The application of SGL under well-watered conditions significantly boosted stevia leaf yield in the Indian genotype, about 68.9%, 132.2% and 140.5% in comparison with control across different regions. The combined application of Se, SGL, and FCF under drought stress conditions significantly enhanced the stevia leaf yield in the Indian genotype. The highest Steviol glycosides levels (SGs) were observed in the Indian genotype treated with SGL and Se under severe stress conditions at Varamin which increased about 51.2% and 53.8% compare with control, respectively. The Chinese genotype exhibited peak SGs levels at Firuzabad and Gorgan when treated with SGL under non-stress conditions, which increased about 111.6% and 139.1% compared with control, respectively. Soil and climatic factors exhibited contrasting correlations with leaf yield between Indian and Chinese genotypes, with altitude and precipitation showing opposite effects on yield for each genotype. Generally, the combined application of Se, SGL, and FCF effectively enhances stevia’s resilience to drought stress, while optimizing yield and secondary metabolite production across diverse cultivation sites.