<p>The prospective strategies to promote the growth and attaining of better grain yield by avoiding cadmium (Cd) phyto-toxic effects in plants are of greater importance for the glimpse into the future. The strategic measures to regulate the growth with the application of plant growth regulators have been adapted in past and also under consideration for future perspectives. This study aimed at the application of thiourea (TU) under Cd-stress to investigate the role of it as growth bio-regulator in maintaining the growth and final grain yield of wheat. Two genetically different wheat cultivars i.e., AARI-2011 and Faisalabad-2008 were grown in a sand filled pot experiment. The levels of Cd-stress (0, 1.0 mM) and TU (0, 0.2 mM) were applied. Applied Cd-stress regime (1.0mM) increased the root Cd (81-fold), shoot Cd (56-fold) and grain Cd (150-fold) of Faisalabad-2008, while 124-, 65-, 175-fold, respectively, of AARI-2011. The applied Cd-stress caused a significant reduction in growth, chlorophyll, nutrient ions acquisition (K, Ca, P) and grain yield characters, while increasing MDA, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, of both wheat cultivars. Contradictory, TU-treated plants showed a remarkable increase in plant growth, chlorophyll traits grain yield, and decreased Cd, MDA and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> contents, up-regulation of antioxidant system (CAT, POD, SOD) including osmolytes under Cd-stress. Application of TU significantly decreased the root Cd (1.9-fold), shoot Cd (2-fold) and grain Cd (2.1-fold) in Faisalabad-2008, while 1.7-, 1.7-, 1.8-fold, respectively, of AARI-2011 under Cd-stress level (1.0mM). Wheat cultivars including Cd-sensitive cultivar, exhibited better Cd-tolerance with TU treatments in improving growth and yield by increasing Cd-detoxification ability, nutrient ion acquisition and antioxidant defense. The outcomes of this study recommend the use of TU as efficient growth and yield promotor of wheat under Cd-stress for the future perspective.</p>

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Role of thiourea in wheat growth and grain yield enhancement under Cadmium-induced oxidative stress and nutrient ion diminutions

  • Abida Parveen,
  • Muhammad Atif,
  • Shagufta Perveen

摘要

The prospective strategies to promote the growth and attaining of better grain yield by avoiding cadmium (Cd) phyto-toxic effects in plants are of greater importance for the glimpse into the future. The strategic measures to regulate the growth with the application of plant growth regulators have been adapted in past and also under consideration for future perspectives. This study aimed at the application of thiourea (TU) under Cd-stress to investigate the role of it as growth bio-regulator in maintaining the growth and final grain yield of wheat. Two genetically different wheat cultivars i.e., AARI-2011 and Faisalabad-2008 were grown in a sand filled pot experiment. The levels of Cd-stress (0, 1.0 mM) and TU (0, 0.2 mM) were applied. Applied Cd-stress regime (1.0mM) increased the root Cd (81-fold), shoot Cd (56-fold) and grain Cd (150-fold) of Faisalabad-2008, while 124-, 65-, 175-fold, respectively, of AARI-2011. The applied Cd-stress caused a significant reduction in growth, chlorophyll, nutrient ions acquisition (K, Ca, P) and grain yield characters, while increasing MDA, H2O2, of both wheat cultivars. Contradictory, TU-treated plants showed a remarkable increase in plant growth, chlorophyll traits grain yield, and decreased Cd, MDA and H2O2 contents, up-regulation of antioxidant system (CAT, POD, SOD) including osmolytes under Cd-stress. Application of TU significantly decreased the root Cd (1.9-fold), shoot Cd (2-fold) and grain Cd (2.1-fold) in Faisalabad-2008, while 1.7-, 1.7-, 1.8-fold, respectively, of AARI-2011 under Cd-stress level (1.0mM). Wheat cultivars including Cd-sensitive cultivar, exhibited better Cd-tolerance with TU treatments in improving growth and yield by increasing Cd-detoxification ability, nutrient ion acquisition and antioxidant defense. The outcomes of this study recommend the use of TU as efficient growth and yield promotor of wheat under Cd-stress for the future perspective.