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<p>This study presents a comprehensive systematic review and bibliometric analysis of technical advances in robotic retinal surgery. We analyzed 386 documents retrieved from the Scopus database spanning from 1997 to 2026, employing advanced bibliometric techniques, network analysis, topic modeling, and sophisticated visualization methods to map the intellectual structure, identify research trends, and uncover thematic clusters within this rapidly evolving field. Our analysis reveals significant growth in research output, with key themes emerging around robotic surgical systems and procedures, patient outcomes and clinical studies, force control and haptic feedback, optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and subretinal injection techniques, and robotic mechanism design. Network analysis identifies prominent research clusters and collaboration patterns among authors, institutions, and countries. Through evolutionary path analysis using Sankey diagrams and network visualizations, we trace how research themes have evolved across three time periods (Early: 1997/2000-2010, Middle: 2011-2020, Recent: 2021-2026), revealing both thematic continuity and rapid technological transformation in recent years. Geographical distribution analysis demonstrates global participation with strong concentration in the United States (138 publications, 35.75%), China (100 publications, 25.9%), and Germany (58 publications, 15.0%). Chord diagram analysis of the Recent period reveals current research relationships and identifies thematic clusters including robotic-assisted vein cannulation, intraoperative membrane peeling, force-controlled microsurgery, OCT-guided subretinal procedures, and patient outcome studies. Our findings indicate that the field is experiencing rapid technological advancement, with increasing focus on precision control, haptic feedback systems, and clinical validation. This study contributes to understanding the current state of robotic retinal surgery, identifies key future research directions, and provides valuable insights for researchers, clinicians, and engineers seeking to advance this critical area of ophthalmic surgery.</p>

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Technical advances in robotic retinal surgery: a systematic review and future research directions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月31日

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  • Abdul Manan,
  • Muhammad Azam,
  • Nadeem Ahmad,
  • Abdul Qadir Khan,
  • Fahad Sabah,
  • Raheem Sarwar

摘要

This study presents a comprehensive systematic review and bibliometric analysis of technical advances in robotic retinal surgery. We analyzed 386 documents retrieved from the Scopus database spanning from 1997 to 2026, employing advanced bibliometric techniques, network analysis, topic modeling, and sophisticated visualization methods to map the intellectual structure, identify research trends, and uncover thematic clusters within this rapidly evolving field. Our analysis reveals significant growth in research output, with key themes emerging around robotic surgical systems and procedures, patient outcomes and clinical studies, force control and haptic feedback, optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and subretinal injection techniques, and robotic mechanism design. Network analysis identifies prominent research clusters and collaboration patterns among authors, institutions, and countries. Through evolutionary path analysis using Sankey diagrams and network visualizations, we trace how research themes have evolved across three time periods (Early: 1997/2000-2010, Middle: 2011-2020, Recent: 2021-2026), revealing both thematic continuity and rapid technological transformation in recent years. Geographical distribution analysis demonstrates global participation with strong concentration in the United States (138 publications, 35.75%), China (100 publications, 25.9%), and Germany (58 publications, 15.0%). Chord diagram analysis of the Recent period reveals current research relationships and identifies thematic clusters including robotic-assisted vein cannulation, intraoperative membrane peeling, force-controlled microsurgery, OCT-guided subretinal procedures, and patient outcome studies. Our findings indicate that the field is experiencing rapid technological advancement, with increasing focus on precision control, haptic feedback systems, and clinical validation. This study contributes to understanding the current state of robotic retinal surgery, identifies key future research directions, and provides valuable insights for researchers, clinicians, and engineers seeking to advance this critical area of ophthalmic surgery.