Enhanced and express workflows in robotic total hip arthroplasty: A paired accuracy study using radiographic validation
摘要
Accurate restoration of limb length is an important determinant of functional outcome and patient satisfaction following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Robotic arm-assisted THA enables intraoperative limb-length assessment through different workflows; however, comparative clinical data evaluating their accuracy remain limited. This study aimed to compare the accuracy and agreement of the enhanced and express workflows of a robotic arm-assisted THA system for intraoperative limb-length assessment, using postoperative radiographic measurements as the reference standard. This prospective observational study included 100 consecutive patients undergoing primary robotic arm-assisted THA at a single high-volume centre between January 2024 and January 2025. Each hip underwent paired intraoperative limb-length assessment using both enhanced and express workflows during the same procedure. Postoperative limb-length discrepancy (LLD) was measured on standardized anteroposterior pelvic radiographs at one month. Absolute error between intraoperative and radiographic measurements were compared and analyzed. Eighty-eight hips were available for paired analysis. The enhanced workflow demonstrated lower mean absolute error compared with the express workflow (2.31 mm vs. 3.72 mm). Paired analysis showed a statistically significant reduction in absolute error with the enhanced workflow (median difference − 1.0 mm; p < 0.001). Agreement with postoperative radiographs was higher for the enhanced workflow (CCC = 0.782) than for the express workflow (CCC = 0.620), with narrower limits of agreement. Both workflows provided clinically acceptable intraoperative limb-length estimates during robotic arm-assisted THA. However, the enhanced workflow demonstrated superior accuracy and agreement relative to postoperative radiographic measurements. When operative logistics permit, femoral registration-based workflows may provide greater consistency in limb-length restoration.