From telepresence to intelligent convergence: mapping the global research landscape of remote robotic surgery (1980–2025)
摘要
Remote robotic surgery (RRS) represents a frontier in surgical innovation, integrating robotics, artificial intelligence (AI), and high-speed communication networks. Despite its clinical significance, the global research landscape and conceptual evolution of RRS remain insufficiently mapped. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 857 Scopus-indexed documents (1980–2025) was conducted using Bibliometrix (R-package), VOSviewer, and CiteSpace. Analyses covered descriptive trends, country productivity, citation impact, collaboration networks, keyword co-occurrence, Bradford’s Law of journal concentration, CiteSpace co-citation clustering, and thematic evolution. Thematic mapping was performed using the Walktrap clustering algorithm (250 words, minimum cluster frequency = 5) to visualize conceptual structures and developmental trajectories. RRS research exhibited an annual growth rate of 10.35%, with strong international collaboration (26.96%). The United States, China, Japan, and France dominated global contributions. Keyword co-occurrence and CiteSpace clustering revealed five thematic domains—robotic systems, telemedicine integration, surgical innovation, AI-assisted imaging, and 5G-enabled connectivity. Bradford’s Law identified a small core of specialized journals as primary publication outlets. Thematic evolution (1980–2025) indicated three conceptual eras: foundational simulation and telepresence (1980–2013), technological integration with 5G and AI (2014–2022), and intelligent convergence emphasizing deep learning, blockchain, and ultra-low-latency communication (2023–2025). Thematic mapping further highlighted telesurgery as a basic theme and surgery as a motor theme driving interdisciplinary expansion. This bibliometric synthesis reveals a paradigm shift from early teleoperation frameworks to AI-driven, 5G-powered, and cybersecure surgical ecosystems. Future research should prioritize real-time data fusion, robotic autonomy, and ethical frameworks guiding intelligent telesurgical networks.